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Materials 2021, 14, 6843 creases if unreacted PGMs exist. The leaching rates of Li varied between 96.1% and 98.3% for the samples using Li2CO and between 46.7% and 50.7% for those using LiF alone, and they were almost constan regardless of the HCl concentration. Because the calcination products varied dependin behavior of Li. In other words, Li was almost completely leached from the products (i.e. from Li2O(Al2O3)SiO2 and Li4SiO4) when Li2CO3 was used. In contrast, when LiF wa abdehdaevdio, Mr ogfFL2i.reInmoatihneerdweovredns,aLfitewraHs aCllmleoastchcoinmgp;liettwelyaslelaikcheleydtfhroamt sothmeepLroidwuactssa(lis.eo.,present from Li2O(Al2O3)SiO2 and Li4SiO4) when Li2CO3 was used. In contrast, when LiF was added,MgF remainedevenafterHClleaching;itwaslikelythatsomeLiwasalsopresent. 3.3.2. Calcin2 ation Temperature (Conditions I-D-1, I-D-2, I-D-3, and I-D-4) on the Li salt added, the type of decomposition products is believed to reflect the leachin Figure 10 shows the leaching rates of the metals from samples obtained by changing leaching of PGM and Li was possible upon calcination between 600 and 900 °C. Mor the calcination temperature (conditions I-D-1, I-D-2, I-D-3, and I-D-4). Almost complete specifically, the leaching rates were 89.6–100% for Pt, 79.1–86.5% for Rh, 81.7–85.0% fo leaching of PGM and Li was possible upon calcination between 600 and 900 ◦C. More Pspde,caifincdall9y7, .t9h%e lfeoarchLini.gFroartebsowtherLe i89a.n6d–1P00d%, tfhoer Pleta, 7ch9.i1n–g86r.a5t%esfowr eRrhe, m81o.7s–t8ly5.0m%aifnortained a tPhde,saencda9lc7i.n9%atifonr Ltei.mFpoerrbaottuhreLsi.aIndcPodn,ttrhaestl,eacmhianxgimratuems wdeirfefemreonsctleyomfa1i0n%tainweadsaotbserve these calcination temperatures. In contrast, a maximum difference of 10% was observed in the leaching rates of Pt. All PGMs showed maximum leaching rates from the sample in the leaching rates of Pt. All PGMs showed maximum leaching rates from the samples calcined at 800 °C; the entire amount of Pt, 85.0% of Rh, and 86.5% of Pd were leache 12 of 15 Figure 10 shows the leaching rates of the metals from samples obtained by changin 3.3.2. Calcination Temperature (Conditions I-D-1, I-D-2, I-D-3, and I-D-4) the calcination temperature (conditions I-D-1, I-D-2, I-D-3, and I-D-4). Almost complet calcined at 800 ◦C; the entire amount of Pt, 85.0% of Rh, and 86.5% of Pd were leached under this condition. under this condition. Pt Pd Rh Li 100 80 60 40 20 0 Figure 10. Pt, Pd, Rh, and Li leaching efficiencies of the samples obtained under conditions I-D-1, Figure 10. Pt, Pd, Rh, and Li leaching efficiencies of the samples obtained under conditions I-D-1, I I-D-2, I-D-3, and I-D-4. D-2, I-D-3, and I-D-4. 600 700 Calcination temperature / oC 3.3.3. Calcination Time (Conditions I-E-1, I-E-2, I-E-3, and I-E-4) 3.3.3. Calcination Time (Conditions I-E-1, I-E-2, I-E-3, and I-E-4) 800 900 Figure 11 shows the leaching rates of the metals from the samples obtained by varying Figure 11 shows the ◦leaching rates of the metals from the samples obtained by vary the calcination time at 800 C (conditions I-E-1, I-E-2, I-E-3, and I-E-4). Pt and Li were icnogmtphletecdalcleinacahtieodnatfitmere1a,t2,80an0d°C3h(cofndcailtcioinastiIo-nE,-1w,hIi-lEe-729,.I2-%E-3a,nadn8d2.I1-%E-4o)f.RPhtawnadsLiwer cleoamchpeldetaefdterle0a.c5haendda1ftehr, r1e,s2p,ecatnivdel3y. hHoofwceavlceirn, athtieonle,awchhinilge r7a9te.2%of Ranhdre8a2c.h1e%d oitfs Rh wa maximum, i.e., 94.9%, after 2 h. In addition, the amount of Pd leached after 0.5 h was 83.7%, leached after 0.5 and 1 h, respectively. However, the leaching rate of Rh reached its max and this increased to 94.7% and 97.5% after 1 and 2 h, respectively. The reduced leaching imum, i.e., 94.9%, after 2 h. In addition, the amount of Pd leached after 0.5 h was 83.7% rate after 3 h calcination could be attributed to enhanced sintering and melting. Under the conditions employed in this study, 2 h of calcination at 800 ◦C was concluded to be the optimum condition for the leaching of PGMs. g g s g e e r d s d e s Metals leaching efficiency / %PDF Image | Recovery of Platinum Group Metals from Auto Catalysts
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