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Positive Displacement Pumps A positive displacement pump operates by taking the incoming fluid and capturing it in a moveable enclosure to transport it to the desired location. This moveable enclosure can be anything from a piston to a screw or roller. The positive displacement pump differs from a centrifugal pump by using a hydraulic force to add energy to the fluid directly. This results in a direct pressure increase in the fluid resulting in a head capacity curve when operating at a constant speed to become virtually a vertical straight line. This change in pressure does not significantly affect the flow characteristics of the pump. This is the result of its enclosure design as well as incompressible flow of the fluid, which causes the pump to move a specific volume of fluid no matter the pressure that is seen. This particular characteristic of the positive displacement pump also allows for the generation of any pressure at a given speed, leading to the need of a pressure relief valve to ensure the system pressure does not exceed a safe limit for the equipment it is feeding. The positive displacement pump is capable of moving a wide variety of fluids which becomes an important variable in a waste heat recovery system. These are achievable because of the basic design principles of the pump itself, since energy is added to the fluid by force and it does not depend directly on acceleration. This causes pump to be able to handle liquids with extremely high viscosities and high temperatures [23]. With a reciprocating system, a piston and cylinder or some type of plunger acts as a displacer to move the fluid. This system is capable of almost any pressure range and flow capacity, however they tend to not be as efficient as and are more expensive than modern centrifugal pumps. Other problems with the system are the slow speed of operation and the pulsed nature of the flow. The reciprocating systems do still possess some inherent advantages over other systems because of its 70PDF Image | TUDY OF LOW-GRADE WASTE HEAT RECOVERY
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