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10 Reference Cycle and Plant Layout In Chapter 6 the three different optimum cycle designs were selected: the basic design operating at 550oC turbine inlet temperature, the advanced design operating at 650oC turbine inlet temperature and the high performance design operating at 700oC turbine inlet temperature. In addition two different cases of turbomachinery design are used, the conservative and the best estimate. This chapter describes these designs in more detail. All the available component dimensions and characteristics are presented. 10.1 Operating Conditions and Cycle Characteristics All the selected designs are direct cycles for a gas-cooled reactor. The primary system pressure drop was evaluated for the geometry described in Chapter 7. The selected design operating conditions are summarized in Table 10.1. Figure 10.1 shows the temperature entropy diagram of the basic cycle design, Table 10.2 summarizes the basic design cycle state points, Table 10.3 summarizes the advanced design cycle state points and Table 10.4 summarizes the high performance design cycle state points (all three for the conservative turbomachinery efficiencies). The net efficiency values estimated in this section are used in Chapter 8 on economics. There are two effects that are of importance. The first is the effect of the operating temperatures. The basic design has the turbine inlet temperature of 550oC. The 650oC turbine inlet temperature case corresponds to the advanced design (see Chapter 6 for details) as 650oC is currently the highest temperature for which operating experience is available (AGR units). The temperature of 700oC was chosen for the high performance design to show the cycle potential improvements should better materials become available. The second effect is that of the turbomachinery efficiency. For the reference design a turbine efficiency of 90% is used and for the compressors 89% is used. However, the detailed turbomachinery design, summarized later in this chapter, shows that significantly higher efficiencies are achievable. Therefore, the second column of 226PDF Image | Advanced Nuclear Power Technology Program A Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cycle for Next Generation Nuclear Reactors
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