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Table 10.1 shows how would the thermal and net efficiencies are affected if the calculated best-estimate turbomachinery efficiencies were used. Table 10.1 Operating conditions of the selected designs Turbomachinery Design Cycle Thermal Power (MWth) Thermal Efficiency (%) Net Efficiency (%) Net Electric Power (MWe Compressor Outlet Pressure (MPa) Pressure Ratio Primary System Pressure Drop (kPa) Turbine Inlet Temperature (oC) Compressor Inlet Temperature (oC) Cooling Water Inlet Temperature (oC) Mass Flow Rate (kg/s) Recompressed Fraction Total Heat Exchanger Volume (m3) Turbine Efficiency (%) Main Compressor Efficiency (%) Recomp. Compressor Efficiency (%) Generator Efficiency (%) Mechanical Losses (%) Parasitic Losses (%) Switch Yard Losses (%) Con. * 600 45.27 41.00 246 20 2.6 130 550 32 27 3209 0.41 120 90 89 89 98 1 2 0.5 B. E. ** 600 47.36 43.08 258 20 2.6 130 550 32 27 3246 0.41 120 92.9 95.5 94.8 98 1 2 0.5 Con. 600 49.54 45.25 272 20 2.6 130 650 32 27 2953 0.41 120 90 89 89 98 1 2 0.5 B. E. 600 51.35 47.06 282 20 2.6 130 650 32 27 2990 0.41 120 92.9 95.5 94.8 98 1 2 0.5 Con. 600 51.27 46.96 282 20 2.6 130 700 32 27 2801 0.39 B. E. 600 53.14 48.87 293 20 2.6 130 700 32 27 2839 0.41 Basic Design Advanced Design High Performance Design *Con. – conservative turbomachinery design ** B. E. – best estimate turbomachinery efficiencies 120 120 90 92.9 89 95.5 89 94.8 98 98 1 1 2 2 0.5 0.5 It can be seen that using the calculated best-estimate turbomachinery efficiencies instead of the conservative ones, the net efficiency is improved by 2%. Thus for the basic design the net efficiency is 43%, instead of 41%. The advanced design achieves more than 45 % for the conservative, and slightly more than 47% for the best estimate turbomachinery efficiencies. It should be stressed that the advanced design that achieves 47% net efficiency is reasonable, since it is supported by operating experience with CO2 at 650oC (AGR units) and a fairly complete turbomachinery design. For the advanced design the thermal efficiencies are close to or above 50%. Finally, the high performance design achieves up to ~ 49% net efficiency, but significant research and material development will be necessary before such a design could be deployed. Nevertheless, this paragraph demonstrates the tremendous potential that the supercritical CO2 cycle 227PDF Image | Advanced Nuclear Power Technology Program A Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cycle for Next Generation Nuclear Reactors
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