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Emerging Technologies Figure 8-1 Schematic of Wet Surface Air Cooler (source: Niagara Blower Co. brochure) Comparison to Wet Cooling Tower with Surface Condenser The primary difference between evaporative condenser technology and a conventional wet cooling tower is that the heat transfer from the condensing steam to the air is accomplished in a single unit rather than in a two-step process. As a result, the temperature difference between the condensation temperature and the atmospheric wet bulb temperature (equal to the sum of the condenser range, the condenser terminal temperature difference, and the cooling tower approach in the conventional case) can be reduced. In the case of a conventional wet cooling tower, the water enters the tower at an elevated temperature and is cooled by selected range as it falls across the fill. In the case of the evaporative condenser, the water remains at a nearly constant mixed temperature as it is recirculated from the basin and flows across the tube bundles, acquiring heat from the condensing steam at the same time as it rejects heat to the atmosphere by evaporation. Comparison with Dry Cooling The primary difference between evaporative condenser technology and dry cooling is that, as in the case of wet cooling, the ultimate heat rejection is through latent heat transfer, which is limited by approach to atmospheric wet bulb temperature, rather than sensible heat transfer limited by the approach to atmospheric dry bulb temperature, which is substantially higher than wet bulb at nearly all times of the year in most locations. 8-2PDF Image | Comparison of Alternate Cooling Technologies for California Power Plants Economic, Environmental and Other Tradeoffs
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