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Keep It Cool with Thermal Energy Storage

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Keep It Cool with Thermal Energy Storage ( keep-it-cool-with-thermal-energy-storage )

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U.S. Department of Energy Keep It Cool with Thermal Energy Storage Here comes summer. Temperatures are rising, but energy costs aren’t, thanks to an innovative way of storing nighttime off-peak energy for daytime peak use—cool thermal energy storage. Tomorrow's Energy Today for Cities and Counties Patrons at the Pasadena Central Library can enjoy a good book and cool air despite stifling summer temperatures. The library uses a cool storage system to keep energy costs down during daytime peak use. In most states, demand for electrical power peaks during summer. Air- conditioning is the main reason, in some areas accounting for as much as 50% of power drawn during the hot midday hours when electricity is most expensive. But during the night, utilities have electricity to spare, and this “off-peak” electricity is much cheaper. Now there’s a way to air- condition during the day using elec- tricity produced at night. Cool thermal energy storage (TES) has become one of the primary solutions to the electrical power imbalance between daytime need and nighttime abundance. Although “cool thermal energy” sounds like a contra- diction, the phrase “thermal energy storage” is widely used to describe storage of both heating and cooling energy. Heating TES usually involves using inexpensive, off-peak power to add heat to a storage medium for later use. In contrast, cool TES uses off-peak power to provide cooling capacity by extracting heat from a storage medium, such as ice, chilled water, or “phase-change materials.” Typically, a cool storage system uses refrigera- tion equipment at night to create a reservoir of cold material. During the day, the reservoir is tapped to pro- vide cooling capacity. There are many advantages to using a cool TES system. Lower nighttime temperatures allow refrigeration equipment to operate more efficiently than during the day, reducing energy consumption. Less chiller capacity is required, which means lower capital equipment costs. And by using off-peak electricity to store energy for use during peak hours, daytime peaks of power consumption are reduced, forestalling the need to build expensive new power plants. James Caccavo / PIX 1302

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