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Nanomaterials 2022, 12, Nanomaterials 2022, 12, 3528 5 of 13 FFigiguruer3e. 3(a.–(ca) –TcE)MTiEmMagiems oafgresidoufarlecsaitdaluysatl, acmatoarlpyhsot,uas mgroaprhpihteoaunsdgarnaipnhteirtnealadnedfeactnininthternal de midid-s-esceticotnionf CoNfTCsNarTe sdiasprelaydeidsp, rleasypecdt,ivrelys.p(edc)tAivTeElyM. i(md)agAe oTfEaMn uiltmraa-sgheorotfCaNnT.ultra-short CNT. The efficiency of preparing the ultra-short CNTs can be described using the mass ratios The efficiency of preparing the ultra-short CNTs can be described using of Mshort: Mraw, which is equal to the mass of ultra-short nanotubes divided by the mass ratios of Mshort: Mraw, which is equal to the mass of ultra-short nanotubes divide of raw nanotubes. The Mshort: Mraw for the 6 nm-wide MWCNTs and the 20–50 nm-wide MmWaCssNTosfwrearwe 0.n68aannodtu0.b80e,sr.esTphecetivMelsyho(rTt:abMlerSaw1).fTohretmhaess6lonssmes-weirdeeasMcriWbedCtNo tThse and t removed impurities and some ultra-short CNTs lost during the cleaning processes. If the nm-wide MWCNTs were 0.68 and 0.80, respectively (Table S1). The mass los mass loss during the cleaning processes can be reduced in the future, the applicability of ascribed to the removed impurities and some ultra-short CNTs lost during the this study will be strong. processes. If the mass loss during the cleaning processes can be reduced in th Figure 4 shows that the zeta potentials of the two kinds of MWCNTs decreased with ththeebalplmplililcinagbidluitryatoiofnt.hFiosrstthuedsaymweiblallblmeislltirnogntgim.e,thewiderMWCNTshadalower zeta potential than the thinner MWCNTs, which can be attributed to the thicker MWCNTs Figure 4 shows that the zeta potentials of the two kinds of MWCNTs decrea having more negatively charged functional groups on their side walls and ends than the the ball milling duration. For the same ball milling time, the wider MWCNTs ha thinner MWCNTs [44,46]. The two kinds of ultra-short CNTs subjected to ball milling for zeta potential than the thinner MWCNTs, which can be attributed to th 24 h were dispersed in deionized water using ultrasonic treatment to form suspensions MWCNTs having more negatively charged functional groups on their side with a concentration of 0.04 wt %, as shown in the insert of Figure 4. No precipitations were oebnsedrsvetdhainnthtehesutshpiennsieornsMupWonCsNtaTndsi[n4g4f,o4r61]0.0Tdhaeyst.wHowkeinvedrs,thoefrualwtrlao-nsghCorNtTCsaNtTssub the same concentration aggregated within one hour (Figure S1). Zeta potentials give an ball milling for 24 h were dispersed in deionized water using ultrasonic treatmen indication of the potential stability of a system, where high zeta potentials (either negative suspensions with a concentration of 0.04 wt %, as shown in the insert of Figu or positive) indicate electrically stabilized particles, while colloids with low zeta potentials precipitations were observed in the suspensions upon standing for 100 days. tend to coagulate or flocculate [46]. For the purposes of this study, a better CNT dispersion wthasecoranwsidelorendgtoCbNenTefistathtetihr fiellsinagm. e concentration aggregated within one hour (Fi Zeta potentials give an indication of the potential stability of a system, where potentials (either negative or positive) indicate electrically stabilized particl colloids with low zeta potentials tend to coagulate or flocculate [46]. For the pu this study, a better CNT dispersion was considered to benefit their filling. f t h s e d e w H g h e rPDF Image | Ion Enrichment inside Ultra-Short Carbon Nanotubes
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