PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 007
to mitigate them. This requires further research in order to develop a SWB module with a long cycle life. 5S 4P module design and electrochemical performance.—After dividing the module case into five zones to accommodate the 5S connection, each zone was filled with a 4P module to create a 5S 4P module. The 5S 4P module was designed to be 190 × 326 × 200 mm, considering the anode cell size of 136 × 6.3 × 170 mm, frame thickness of 10 mm, cell-to-cell distance of 7 mm, and the volume of connection materials (Fig. 5a). On the side plate of the module casing, a valve was fitted to permit both open and closed systems (Fig. 5b); Leakage should not occur in a closed system, which is why it was packed with a Nitrile-Butadiene Rubber (NBR) O-ring and seawater-resistant SUS 316 bolts (Fig. 5c). Additionally, the module case structure stabilized the stacked anode cells to prevent them from being shook by vibration. When SWB cells are stacked, the distance between the anode cell and the cathode current collector was not carefully considered because when the cathode current collector is attached to the anode cell and separated from the anode cell, there’s no big performance difference. To quantitatively evaluate the performance of the 5S 4P module, the discharge energy and power of the unit cell and module were compared. A unit cell with 1.5Ah capacity was charged and discharged at a 0.1 C-rate. In the fifth cycle, the discharge energy was 3.92 Wh (Fig. 6a). The 5S 4P module was also charged and discharged 6 Ah (1.5 Ah Cell−1) at 0.1 C-rate. The the discharge energy was 77.88 Wh, which is 19.87 times that of a unit cell (Fig. 6b). When twenty cells are stacked, they should theoretically have twenty times the energy of a unit cell. As a result of the experiment, stacking 20 cells results in nearly little energy loss. However, it suffered a significant decline in power performance. At 20 °C, unit cells of SOC 20, 40, 60, and 80% achieved discharge powers of 1.94. 2.02, 2.04, and 2.11 W, respectively (Fig. 6c), while the 5S 4P modules recorded 24.37, 24.98, 25.5, and 26.22W, respectively, which are approximately 12.5 times higher than the corresponding unit cell power (Fig. 6d). For charge power, unit cells with SOC of 20, 40, 60, and 80% achieved 2.65. 2.59, 2.5, and 2.46 W (Fig. 6c) while the and 5S 4P modules recorded 30.84, 30.23, 28.73, and 26.67W, respectively (Fig. 6d), which are approximately 11.6 times higher than the corresponding unit cell power. As a result, power did not rise in multiples of the number of stacked cells. A power loss of roughly 37.5 percent was observed as compared to the theoretical value in the twenty-cell stacked module. The cause of power loss is most likely contact resistance, as resistance increases by 0.577 after the 5S 4P connection (See Table I). When resistance is increased to 0.577, approximately 26.7 percent of power is lost in comparison to theory. As a result, research into contact resistance reduction for high-power modules should be expanded. Marine application: light buoy.—In addition, a test was con- ducted with the 5S 4P module according to the actual operating conditions of the light buoy, which is a marine application. A light buoy is a structure that floats on the sea to inform sailing ships of obstacles such as reefs or to indicate routes by illuminating. The light buoy in this work required an operating voltage of 12 V and an output of 15 W. It was driven by discharging for 12 h from 6 PM–6 AM and charging via a solar panel from 10 AM–4 PM. The discharge condition was a pulse output of 15 W to operate the lighting and global positioning system (GPS) together for 1 s, and Journal of The Electrochemical Society, 2022 169 040508 Figure 6. Charge/discharge profile of closed-type SWB (a) unit cell, (b) 5S 4P module, Power test results for different SOCs (c) unit cell, (d) 5S 4P module.PDF Image | Development of Rechargeable Seawater Battery
PDF Search Title:
Development of Rechargeable Seawater BatteryOriginal File Name Searched:
Kim_2022_Electrochem-169_040508.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
Product and Development Focus for Infinity Turbine
ORC Waste Heat Turbine and ORC System Build Plans: All turbine plans are $10,000 each. This allows you to build a system and then consider licensing for production after you have completed and tested a unit.Redox Flow Battery Technology: With the advent of the new USA tax credits for producing and selling batteries ($35/kW) we are focussing on a simple flow battery using shipping containers as the modular electrolyte storage units with tax credits up to $140,000 per system. Our main focus is on the salt battery. This battery can be used for both thermal and electrical storage applications. We call it the Cogeneration Battery or Cogen Battery. One project is converting salt (brine) based water conditioners to simultaneously produce power. In addition, there are many opportunities to extract Lithium from brine (salt lakes, groundwater, and producer water).Salt water or brine are huge sources for lithium. Most of the worlds lithium is acquired from a brine source. It's even in seawater in a low concentration. Brine is also a byproduct of huge powerplants, which can now use that as an electrolyte and a huge flow battery (which allows storage at the source).We welcome any business and equipment inquiries, as well as licensing our turbines for manufacturing.| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |