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for the 40 % CuO mass fraction that was supplied by the manufacturer of the nanolubricant. All uncertainties given in this manuscript are for the 95 % confidence level unless otherwise stated. Table 1. Estimated uncertainty of viscosity and density measurements for 95 % confidence level Property Viscosity (mm2·s-1) Density (kg·m-3) 4.1 Density RL68H ± 2 (± 2 %) ± 0.1 (± 0.01 %) xm =2.9% ± 25 (± 20 %) ± 0.2 (± 0.02 %) 4. RESULTS xm =5.6% ± 36 (± 30 %) ± 0.4 (± 0.03 %) xm =39.2% ± 69 (± 13 %) ± 7 (± 0.5 %) Paper No. IIR-177 Figure 1 shows the measured density (ρm) of the nanolubricant mixtures versus temperature (T) at atmospheric pressure. The solid lines shown in Fig. 1 are linear best-fit regressions or estimated means of the data. Fifteen of the 880 measurements were removed before fitting because they were identified as “outliers” based on having both high influence and high-leverage (Belsley, et al., 1980). Table 2 gives the constants for the linear regression of the measured specific volume ( ρ -1 ) versus the measured temperature for the fluids tested here. The dashed lines to either side m of the mean represent the lower and upper 95 % simultaneous (multiple-use) confidence intervals for the mean. From the confidence intervals, the expanded uncertainty of the estimated mean density for the 95 % confidence level was shown to increase with respect to the mass fraction of the CuO nanoparticles being ± 0.03 kg·m-3, ± 0.05 kg·m-3, ± 0.10 kg·m-3, and ± 1.7 kg·m-3 for the 0 %, 3 %, 5.8 %, and the 40 % mass fraction nanolubricants, respectively. Figure 1 Measured liquid density of CuO nanolubricant for various mass fractions at atmospheric pressurePDF Image | VISCOSITY AND DENSITY OF CUO NANOLUBRICANT
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