PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 003
3,591,506 nonyl),di(tert.-butyl)di(2-ethylhexyl),di(tert.-pentyl) immersedinthesubject?uid.Powerisappliedandthe di(2-ethylhexyl), di(tert.-butyl) di(2-pentyl), tri(tert. 'butyl)-2-ethylhexyl,tetra-n-propyl,tetra-n-1,l,3-trihydro propforyl, tetra-n - 1,1 - dihydropropforyl, tetra-n-butyl, tetra-n-amyl,tetra-n-1,1,5-trihydropropforyl,andde 0! Morespeci?cally,theapparatusemployedisa0.5inch rivatives. Another class of functional ?uids which may be em ployed include the polyphenyl ethers. Examples of these materials include bis(p-phenoxyphenyl) ether, bis(o phenoxyphenyl) ether, bis(m-phenoxyphenyl) ether, m phenoxyphenyl-p-phenoxyphenyl ether, m-phenoxyphen yl-o-phenoxyphenylether,bis(mix-phenoxyphenyl) ether, p-bis(p-phenoxyphenoxy) benzene, mix-bis(mix-phenoxy phenoxy) benzene, bis[p - (p-phenoxyphenoxy)phenyl] ether, m-bis[m-(m-phenoxyphenoxy)phenoxy] benzene, and bis[p-(p-phenoxyphenoxy) phenoxy phenyl] ether. (The pre?x “mix” indicates a mixture of isomers having varied linkage orientation. See Gunderson et al., Syn thetic Lubricants (New York, Reinhold Publ. Co.: 1962), 6. 411, note b.) The phenyl groups and the polyphenyl ether may be substituted by various substituents includ ing methyl, ethyl, n-propyl, iso-propyl, tert.-butyl, n octyl, cyclohexyl, cyclopentyl, chloro, bromo, hydroxyl, methoxyl, cumyl, etc. Hydrocarbon oils, including natural mineral oils ob tained from petroleum and synthetic hydrocarbons, are also a suitable base material. The mineral oils include a wide variety of naphthenic, para?in and asphalt base oils. diameter ultrasonic probe which is caused to vibrate axially in the liquid at 20 kcs. with an amplitude of ap proximately 0.0002 inch, with the ?at end 0.010‘ inch from a metal specimen. The probe employed is of the self-tuning piezoelectric type, delivering 92% of the 125 watt power input to the tip. The probe is fastened to the movable portion of a precision way which is mounted on a massive steel post and base. A precision dial gauge allows ?lm thickness adjustment to 0.0001 inch. The probe and specimen are located within a 50-ml. cell in which the test ?uid is placed. For testing with a circulating liquid a cell may be employed which is equipped with an inlet and outlet connected with a 500 ml. reservoir and pump. The metal specimens employed in the following tests were 1A" thick, 1" diameter copper cylinders. The tests are performed as follows: the copper speci mens are abraded on successively ?ner metallographic polishing paper to 3/0, ending with random scratches, followed by ultrasonic cleaning in hexane and then pentane followed by rapid drying in a blast of warm air to prevent moisture condensation. The specimen is placed in the cell which is ?lled with the functional ?uid sample and the ?uid ?lm thickness is set by the use of a feeler Synthetic oils which are employed include alkylated waxes,alkylatedhydrocarbonsofrelativelyhighmolec 30 gauge.Withcopperthetestswererunfor30‘minutes. ular weight, hydrogenated polymers of hydrocarbons and condensation products of chlorinated alkyl hydrocarbons with aryl compounds. ‘Other suitable oils are those ob tained by polymerization of low molecular weight alkyl ene oxides such as propylene and/or methylene oxide. Still other synthetic oils obtained by etheri?cation and/or esteri?cation of the hydroxy groups and alkylene oxide polymers, such as, for example, the acetate of the Z-ethyl hexanol-initiated polymer of propylene oxide. Specimen damage was measured by weight loss, increased surface roughness, and the observation of discoloration and microscopic pits. The phosphate ester employed was a material con sisting primarily of dibutyl phenyl phosphate (about 70%) containingminorportionsofbutyldiphenylphos phate and tributyl phosphate. The ?uid contained about 6% ofanalkylacrylateviscosityindeximprover,minor amounts of corrosion and oxidation inhibitors and a sili Mixtures of the above-mentioned ?uids may be em 40 cone antifoam agent. ployed as well as the pure substances. The following examples serve to illustrate the inven tion. The examples, however, are but illustrative and are nonlimiting. EXAMPLE I Cavitation erosion by phosphate ester ?uid The erosive damage from cavitation by a phosphate ester functional ?uid was determined by means of a thin ?lm cavitation apparatus. Brie?y, the test involves v1 The blended ester used in the test had the following properties. Viscosity,cs: 100° F. ______________________________ __ 12 210° F _______________________________ __ 3.9 Speci?cgravity,77°F________________________ 1.065 Autogenous ignitiontemperature, °F___________ 1100 Flash point, ° F. __________________________ __ 360 apparatus is allowed to operate for a speci?ed period. The specimen is then removed and weight loss during the test is determined. .— I ILM CAVI’I‘ATION EROSION TESTS EMPLOYING PHOSPHATE ESTER TABLE I TH N FBASE ONE-HALF HOUR WITH COPPER SPECIMEN Experiment; Type P.P.,°C., G./100g. Weight 1atmos. concentration loss,mg. 1a_______________________ Dichlorodifluoromethane.__ 1b___ 0 ——21.6 4.81 0 3.85 0 2.4 0.4 0.96 8.1 9.6 0 12.3s 0 2.12 5.7 1c_ 1d_ 2_ 3a‘. 3b. 3c_________ __ 4__________ __ 5._ 6.. 7.- 8__ 9__ 10a________ __ 10b _______ .. 100________ __ ______ .. _ Chloroper?uoroethane. . _ Bromotri?uoromethane- C hlorotri?uoromethane Chloropentafluoroethana . Trichloro?u0romethane_ _.._ Per?norocyclobutane______ —21. 6 —21.6 ~40. 8 +3.8 +3. 8 +3. 8 —38. 7 —57. 8 —81. 4 —38. 7 +23. 8 -—5. 8 1.06 1.65 2.54 0.43 1.65 5 1. 08 .5 . 10. 4 0,4 0 4.8 0.4 6.1 6.9 11. 8 12. 9 13. 1 l___ l2a___ 12b. _ 12c___._ .........“do___________._ _ 1&4 13___ l4___ 15a____ b ____._ Methyl chl01'ide___ _.. Methyl bromide_______. _ Trichlorotrifluoroethane 0 10 11,7 11. 2 The tests were performed according to the above proce of a metal specimen while both probe and specimen are 75 dure with various of the ?uorocarbons. Comparison tests brating an ultrasonic probe within a very small distance Additive —21. 6 . - , +36 —47. 6 —47. 6 15. 6 13.8 15. 7PDF Image | FUNCTIONAL FLUIDS CONTAINING HALOCARBONS CAVITATION
PDF Search Title:
FUNCTIONAL FLUIDS CONTAINING HALOCARBONS CAVITATIONOriginal File Name Searched:
US3591506.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |