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Jurnal Mekanikal, December 2005 h = enthalpy Solar Thermal From Heat Source Exhaust 70 Heat Exchanger 1 WT ⎧1.0−0.249kT ⎫ kT <0.35 Id⎪ ⎪ = 1.557 −1.84k 0.35 < k < 0.75 (2) ⎨T⎬T I I is the measured global radiation and Io is the calculated global radiation which is a function of latitude, day of the year and solar time for the location of study. Direct radiation is obtained by subtracting the diffuse radiation value from the global radiation. 2.2 Organic Rankine Cycle Components that make up an ORC are similar to the conventional Rankine Cycle. The layout of an ORC is as shown in Figure 1. The efficiency of solar collectors had been rigorously studied, therefore the efficiency of various collectors are cross-referenced from other studies. Assuming an ideal cycle, the mathematical formulations for the components in an ORC are, 1) Feed pump to increase fluid pressure. Pump work, W = v (P − P ) P343 2) Condenser to reject heat to the environment, normally seawater. Heat rejected, Qout = m& (h3 − h2 ) 3) Heat exchanger to transfer heat from heat source to the working fluid. The heat source is equals to the solar thermal energy collected by the collector. ⎪⎩ 0.177kT ⎪⎭ kT >0.75 where clear sky index, kT = II 0 Heatreceived, Q =m&(h −h) in 41 4) Turbine for work conversion. Turbine work, W = m& (h − h ) T12 5) Cycle thermal efficiency, η = Wout Qin Where m& = mass flow ν = specific volume P = Pressure Qin WP Pump 3 2 Condenser Turbine Figure 1: A simple diagram of ORC WoutPDF Image | SOLAR THERMAL ORGANIC RANKINE CYCLE AS A RENEWABLE ENERGY
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