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Annex B4. Germany Instruments Renewable heat policy ERP saving programme Solarthermie2000 Solarthermie2000Plus Home grants Ecotax Market stimulation programme MAP CO2 reduction programme CHP law 156 Carrot. Under the 1990 ERP-Umwelt und Energiesparprogramm, Environment and Energy Saving Program, soft loans generally 2% below market levels were established for a range of RETs. Low- interest loans are available to private companies for up to 50% of the cost of renewable installations from the German public bank, Deutsche Augleichsbank (DtA). Credit terms range between 10 and 20 years, with a 2 to 5 year redemption holiday (IEA, 2004). While most of the funding has gone to support wind energy and solar PV, solar thermal and biomass heat are also eligible for support. Loans offered under this programme can be combined with loans offered under the Kreditanstalt für Wiederaufbau (KfW) Environment Programme. Between 1990 and 2005 €10.7 billion in support was provided for RET. Guidance. In January 1990, an Information Centre for Heat Pumps and Refrigeration, (Informationzentrum für Wärmepumpen und Kältetechnik), was established to improve information distribution for consumers, manufacturers and energy suppliers in support of the heat pump market. Running through 2001 with partial government funding, the Centre now runs as an independent association without government support. Carrot. In 1993 Solarthermie 2000 was launched to improve the economic viability of solar thermal systems with grants for up to 50% of investment costs. Its primary aim was to demonstrate the feasibility of 1) large-scale solar thermal heating systems in residential and public buildings and 2) solar driven small district heating systems. The programme included long-term monitoring to show the operational performance, the technical feasibility of the concepts, and the cost/benefit ratio of large-scale solar thermal plants. This was 1) Long term behaviour of solar-thermal systems 2) Solar-assisted demonstration plants in public buildings and 3) Large scale solar-assisted district heating plants with seasonal storage. (SHC, 2006) A target cost level for future installations of €13/kWh thermal was established. After 10 years of successful execution, the programme was completed in 2003. Carrot. Solarthermie2000plus was launched in February 2004 as a successor programme to Solarthermie 2000 aiming to increase the percentage of heat and hot water demand supplied by solar thermal technologies from 10-30% to 60% by 2012. As in the original Solarthermie 2000 programme, grants for up to 50% of investment costs are available to public institutions, foundations, public utilities, and private companies. The mechanism focused on large scale central, solar thermal plants, especially solar assisted district heating (with and without seasonal storage) solar air-conditioning and process heat. A particular focus of the programme has been placed upon pilot systems, enabling researchers to test results under real conditions then to modify the technology to develop well-functioning and market orientated systems. Eligible solar thermal collectors must have a minimum area of 100 m2 (IEA, 2004; SHC, 2006). €4 M is to be provided annually from 2004 to 2012 giving a total investment of €36 M. 1990 1991 1992 1993 1994 1995 1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006PDF Image | RENEWABLES FOR HEATING AND COOLING
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