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Published in: Euroheat & Power, Volume, 10/2002 2 technology to be made in all countries which run special funding programmes for promoting electricity production from renewable energy sources (such as Austria, Germany, Switzerland, Italy and Denmark). Another basic requirement for an ecological and cost- effective operation of the process is that not only the electricity but also the heat produced by the CHP plant can be utilised as process or district heat (heat controlled operation of the overall system). The greatest application potential of biomass-fired CHP plants based on ORC cycles is represented by medium-sized wood manufacturing and wood-processing enterprises, decentralised waste-wood combustion plants and biomass district heating plants (newly erected or adapted existing plants). 2 Introduction and technical description of the biomass-fired CHP plant in Lienz The biomass CHP plant in Lienz is located in the east of Tyrol in Austria (see Figure 1) and supplies the town of Lienz with district heat [1]. It started operation in autumn 2001 and will cover the heat requirement of approximately 70 % of all buildings in the supply area by the end of 2003. The residential and industrial heating systems replaced are mainly oil-fired boilers; this therefore results in a considerable CO2 reduction on the part of the new biomass CHP plant (see section 7). The owner and operator of the plant is Stadtwärme Lienz Produktions- und Vertriebs-GmbH. Figure 2 shows the annual heat and electricity output line as well as the energy supply of the different units installed. The CHP plant essentially consists of two biomass-fired boilers, an ORC process, a solar collector panel and an oil-fired peak load boiler as well as a heat recovery unit combined with a flue gas cleaning plant. The fuel conversion unit is composed of the two biomass combustion plants, a hot water boiler with a nominal capacity of 7,000 kWth and a thermal oil boiler with a nominal capacity of 6,000 kWth. The thermal oil boiler supplies the ORC process with a nominal net electric power of 1,000 kW. The heat recovery unit with a nominal capacity of 2,000 kWth increases the overall plant efficiency and covers a thermal oil economiser, located behind the thermal oil boiler, and a hot water economiser which recovers energy from the flue gases of both biomass-fired boilers. The solar collector panel is installed on the roof of the CHP plants and consists of a 630 m2 collector surface and achieves a thermal power of up to 350 kW An oil- fired boiler with a nominal capacity of 11,000 kWth is installed for peak load coverage and as a stand-by system (see Table 1). In the final development stage the CHP plant Lienz will produce about 60,000 MWh of district heat and about 7,200 MWh of electricity which is fed into the public grid. Forest and industrial wood chips, sawdust and bark (average water content between 40 and 55 wt.% w.b.) from the regional forestry and wood industries are utilised as biomass fuel. The total annual biomass fuel consumption will amount to about 100,000 bulk m3 in the final development stage. The oil-fired peak load boilers cover only approximately 4 % of the entire thermal energy production. Concerning biomass storage, an open and a roofed area with a total storage capacity of 15,000 bulk m3 has been planned. The network of pipes covers three stages of development, with a final total length of 37.5 km and about 900 units connected. 2PDF Image | ORC process integrated in the biomass CHP plant in Lienz, Austria
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