PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 016
Chapter 2: The Organic Rankine Cycle Summary. The Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) is a well known technology since the early 70’s. A large amount of ORC power plants have been built, mainly for geothermal, waste heat recovery and combined heat and power applications. This technology shows a number of advantages over the traditional steam Rankine cycle, making it more profitable for power plants with a limited electrical output power (typically lower than 1 MWe), despite a lower efficiency. The optimization of the ORC is quite different from that of the steam cycle, mainly because of the heat source temperature limitation, and because there is usually no constraint regarding the vapor quality at the end of the expansion. This chapter presents an overview of the current state of the art in the ORC technology and exposes the main target applications. 1 Introduction The particularity of the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) over the traditional Rankine cycle lays in the working fluid: an organic component is used instead of water. This organic compound is typically a refrigerant, a hydrocarbon (butane, pentane, hexane, etc.), a silicon oil, a perfluorocarbon... Its boiling point is lower than that of water, which allows recovering heat at a lower temperature than in the traditional steam Rankine cycle. Its thermophysical properties differ from that of water in a number of aspects (further discussed in section 3), which has practical implications on the design of the Organic Rankine Cycle. Organic Rankine Cycles have been studied both theoretically (Davidson, 1977, Probert et al., 1983) and experimentally (Monahan, 1976) as early as in the 70s, with reported efficiencies usually below 10% for small-scale systems. Experimental studies generally involved the use of vane expanders (Badr et al., 1990, Davidson, 1977) and high Ozone Depleting Potential (ODP) refrigerants such as R11 or R13. The first commercial applications appeared in the late 70s and in the 80s with medium-scale power plants developed for geothermal and solar applications. Nowadays, more than 200 ORC power plants are identified, with over 1800 MWe installed, and this number is growing at a faster pace than ever before. Most of the plants are installed for biomass CHP applications, followed by 1PDF Image | Sustainable Energy Conversion Through the Use of Organic Rankine Cycles for Waste Heat Recovery and Solar Applications.
PDF Search Title:
Sustainable Energy Conversion Through the Use of Organic Rankine Cycles for Waste Heat Recovery and Solar Applications.Original File Name Searched:
PhD_Thesis_Dissertation.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)