PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 086
4.5.1 Economic analysis The primary objective of every project is to be profitable. Therefore a proper design for any cost effective thermal system requires evaluation of the project’s cost. Although more expensive than conventional fossil-fuel power plants, ORC systems have their own place in the energy market costing around $1,500-2,000 per kilowatt or 2-2.5 times that of conventional Rankine cycle plants. The total cost of production in an ORC power plant consists of capital investment, which is a one-time cost, and operation and maintenance costs (O&M), which are continuous in nature. When approaching the thermoeconomic analysis of such systems, some items must be taken into account. The efficiency of most components slightly decreases at part load The cost formation process varies depending on the load level of each component A rule to allocate the depreciation cost of components should be fixed with more accuracy than for energy systems at steady operation Energy exchanges with external networks take place at market price 4.5.2 Estimation of the Total Capital Investment (TCI) The total Capital Investment of an ORC power plant can be shown as [56]: TCI=FCI+SUC+WC+LRD+AFUDC Where, FCI- Fixed capital investment, SUC- Start up costs, WC- Working capital, LRD- Costs of licensing, research and development & AFUDC- Allowance for funds used during construction 4.5.2.1 Fixed capital investment Fixed-capital investment cost is basically the capital needed to purchase and install all needed equipment and build all necessary facilities. It consists of direct and indirect costs. The first type, direct cost, represents all equipment, materials and labour involved in the creation of permanent facilities. Indirect costs, although needed for completion of the project, do not become a permanent part of the facilities. Purchased equipment cost and the effect of size on the equipment cost: It should be noted that among all heat exchangers used in the system, the most expensive are those operating on a waste heat source fluid. 76PDF Image | study of ORC with the expansion process twin screw machines
PDF Search Title:
study of ORC with the expansion process twin screw machinesOriginal File Name Searched:
Panesar_MPhil.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com (Standard Web Page)