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Advantages Disadvantages Shell and tube type Less expensive as compared to Plate type, Can be used in systems with higher operating temperatures and pressures, Pressure drop across a tube cooler is less, Tube leaks are easily located and plugged since pressure test is comparatively easy, Heat transfer efficiency is less compared to plate type, Capacity cannot be increased, Requires more space in comparison to plate type, Plate and frame type Simple and Compact in size, Heat transfer efficiency is more, Capacity can be increased by introducing plates in pairs, Turbulent flow help to reduce deposits which would interfere with heat transfer, Initial cost is high, Finding leakage is difficult since pressure test is not as ease, Bonding material between plates limits operating temperature, Pressure drop caused is higher than tube type, Figure 20 Shell and tube compared to plate and frame heat exchangers The exchanger's performance can also be affected by the addition of fins or corrugations in one or both directions, which increase surface area and may channel fluid flow or induce turbulence. Plate and fin type heat exchanger is constructed similar to a plate type exchanger but also contains fins to increase the efficiency of the system. Aluminium alloy is used as it gives higher heat transfer efficiency and lowers the weight of the unit. Efficiency of this heat exchanger is slightly higher than plate type unit but installation and maintenance cost is higher. 1.10.2 Steam vs. Organic fluids Marques da Silva et al. [9] in his investigation of organic refrigerant mixtures for use with the trilaterial flash cycle, suggests that organic fluid cycles have higher cycle efficiencies than steam cycle for the same heat input conditions because higher fluid temperatures can be achieved. Hudson et al. [10] agrees that the overall efficiency of using an organic refrigerant is considerably higher than water at lower temperatures. Yamamoto et al. [11] designed and tested a Rankine cycle using water and HCFC-123 to compare. Their conclusion was that the organic refrigerant not only provided a higher cycle efficiency, but the lower level of superheat required for the organic fluid was more suited to the type of rotodynamic machinery they tested. 21PDF Image | study of ORC with the expansion process twin screw machines
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