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Chapter 6 Sensitivity analysis: moisture effects Electric power (Figure 6.5) is similar in all scenarios. In case of no or natural drying, this quantity is practically constant, as cycle parameters are not varied. The same should be valid also for hot gas drying, but a reduction can be observed again, still due to the increasing moisture evacuator power consumption. This decrease is considerable (about 7% in relative terms), as a consequence of the high maximum moisture content. As mentioned, the 0% moisture result should be equal to no drying, since drying is actually not performed: however the presence of the dryer determines head losses, hence a lower useful pressure ratio in the turbine and a lower power output. Neglecting thermal power for the time being and focusing on the chemical fuel one (Figure 6.7), one can see that it increases considerably in case of no drying, otherwise it decreases. As discussed before, the reason lies in the moisture latent heat: if drying is not being carried out, the vaporisation takes place in the combustor and thus an additional wood mass flow is required to fuel the process (a 38% relative increase in chemical power is registered). Nevertheless, considering gas drying, the situation is slightly different from the previous analysis. In fact a gradual drying starting from a certain moisture content was performed in that case, and thus water was always partly injected in the combustor with its latent heat (apart from the case of complete drying, obviously), which immediately justified the necessity of supplying an additional fuel power. Instead now biomass drying starts from different moisture levels, but drying is always supposed to be complete, therefore moisture never enters the combustor: wood fed into the combustor is always completely dry and thus the same mass flow rate of dry fuel is required, i.e. the chemical power input in the combustor is constant in all cases. If then a certain amount of moisture is contained in the starting wood, overall mass flow rate is accordingly higher. Nevertheless, the chemical power contained in that overall wet wood mass flow rate is lower than the one contained in the same quantity of dry wood, still due to the moisture latent heat7: this difference obviously raises with increasing moisture, finally explaining the required chemical power reduction (numerically the relative reduction is about 20%). In case of natural drying the concept is similar: a simple shift can be noted in the figure, due to the fact that drying is performed down to 20% and not to 0%. 7 For instance, 1 kg of dry wood has a higher LHV than 1.1 kg of wet wood with 0.1 kg of moisture, since the latent heat of the latter is to be accounted. 208PDF Image | SMALL-SCALE BIOMASS POWER GENERATION
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