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Chapter 5 Economic analysis one sixth of that declared in peak-kilowatt terms and thus real installation costs are about six times higher than indicated above, i.e. 24,000 €/kWel, whereas biomass plants are costing about 3000 €/kWel, which is one eighth of the previous value. Instead, concerning the incomes related to electricity sale, considerable incentives are granted to PV, too: they depend on many variables, but for the purposes of this work 40 c€/kWhel can be used. This value is obviously the net gain, as there is no fuel cost. On the other hand, as shown, a 28 c€/kWhel all-inclusive tariff is applied to biomass power generation at this scale. However, in this case fuel cost has to be taken into account: with the given hypotheses, it is about 5 ÷ 6 c€/kWhel, consequently net gain is about 22 ÷ 23 c€/kWhel, i.e. about one half compared to photovoltaic plants (potential heat sale is being neglected for simplicity reasons). Based on these data, the following calculation can quickly be made: if investment costs in case of biomass fuelling are one eighth and net gain on electric energy sale is one half of PV panels, it is reasonable to conclude that the expected PayBack Times will be in roughly one fourth. It is easy to verify that PV plants with installation cost and electricity payment like those mentioned above will have a PBT of about 8 years [5.8]: the expected biomass plants value will accordingly be 2 years, that is essentially the result of the analysis. Of course, this is just an approximate evaluation, but it permits to understand that the results shown are reasonable. Table 5.6 summarises the described concept. Photovoltaic Biomass 24,000 3000 40 23 (28 - 5) Ratio 8x 2x 4x For completeness reasons, it is important to note that there is another aspect contributing to lower PayBack Times, obviously being relevant for all of the three considered sizes: it is loan raising. In fact, it is well known that the amount of money obtained from the funding agency represents a reduction of the disbursement actually to be made by the investor. Clearly the sum has then to be refunded together with the related interests, engraving on the cash flows, but the break-even point will be reached Investment cost [€/kWel[ Electricity sale earning [c€/kWhel] PayBack Time [years] 8 2 Table 5.6 – Comparison between photovoltaic and biomass PBT. 186PDF Image | SMALL-SCALE BIOMASS POWER GENERATION
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