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Chapter 5 Economic analysis Figure 5.4 shows that PayBack Times are much lower now, thanks to reduced installation costs: as regards the best solutions this value is equal to 1 ÷ 1.5 years. GT HYB presents very good performance now: PBT is short enough also in case of no heat sale. Similarly to the previous case, this is essentially due to the plant configuration. As mentioned in Chapter 4, in fact, temperature of flue gas exiting the biomass combustor is 800°C regarding all of the three sizes and, given the recuperator features, this implies that air temperature entering the natural gas combustor is about 740 ÷ 750°C. Natural gas consumption is then “proportional” to the turbine inlet temperature4: at 100 kWel this is equal to 950°C, which leads to the mentioned share of 40/60% between biomass and methane fuel power input. On the other hand, the 1 MWel reference turbine is characterised by a TIT of 899°C: this involves a natural gas lower consumption required to obtain that value (temperature raise is in fact lower), which leads to an inverted share of fuel power input: about 63% biomass and 37% natural gas. Then a larger use of the renewable energy source results in higher incomes related to electric energy sale and thus to a better economic performance of the plant. Besides, one can see that the gap existing between solutions in the three heat sale scenarios is lower than in the previous case. The reason lies in what has been discussed above: first law efficiencies are now roughly similar to the 100 kWel case, but electrical ones are about five percentage points higher. This implies that thermal production is proportionally less significant and thus its incidence in the three scenarios is lower. Naturally GT HYB represents a particular case again: the concept is generally valid terms, but due to the hybrid nature of the plant, heat sale incidence is still more considerable than in the other biomass-fed solutions (although it is less dramatic than in the 100 kWel case). Observing PBTs, the most performing solution is ICE GAS, even if there is a very small difference compared with the other solutions. Indeed, GT EXT CER achieves the same performance in case of 7000 h heat sale: this is always due to higher thermal efficiencies, related to the absence of gasification losses. This point becomes even clearer concerning Net Present Values: at 0 h and 2500 h ICE GAS has the best performance, but it is overcome by GT EXT CER at 7000 h. GT HYB itself has a PBT 4 Obviously it also depends on other parameters, like pressure ratio, turbine polytropic efficiency, etc. 184PDF Image | SMALL-SCALE BIOMASS POWER GENERATION
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