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Chapter 5 Economic analysis 5.2 Working hypotheses 5.2.1 Investment costs Accurate estimates concerning investment costs of the analysed plants are very difficult to be performed, essentially because small-scale biomass power generation is a young field: first of all not all the considered solutions are present on the market, but a proper evaluation is not easy concerning plants that instead are commercially available too, since their market cannot be considered consolidated yet. Therefore data available in the literature are often conflicting. Many sources have been consulted to define the investment costs of the analysed plants, including real commercial offers: some of them are cited gradually during the discussion or at the end of the section. Adopted values for the three scales are listed in Table 5.1: they are expressed in €/kWel. Concerning the power plants, reference values are those listed in Chapter 2. Solution ICE GAS GT GAS REG PRES GT EXT CER ICE GAS ORC GT GAS ORC GT HYB 100 kWel 4500 5540 4000 - - 2500 1 MWel 2700 3340 3000 - 3650 2000 5 MWel 2000 2440 2000 2130 2690 1500 Table 5.1 – Specific investment costs (€/kWel). For internal combustion engines coupled with a gasifier (ICE GAS), reported costs are given adding the engine and the gasification system ones. These values respectively have been fixed as follows: 1200 €/kWel and 3300 €/kWel for the 100 kWel scale, 900 €/kWel and 1800 €/kWel at 1 MWel and finally 700 €/kWel and 1300 €/kWel at 5 MWel. Concerning regenerative gas turbines coupled with pressurised gasifiers (GT GAS REG PRES), it is recalled that small-size types of the latter devices are not available on the market, therefore their costs have to be estimated. In the present work, it has been 172PDF Image | SMALL-SCALE BIOMASS POWER GENERATION
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