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Chapter 4 Thermodynamic analysis These results are quite interesting and show the two operations having almost no effect, as their benefits are balanced by auxiliaries consumption and/or head losses. However the best solution seems to be the second one, i.e. performing heat recovery but no fuel drying: electrical efficiency is slightly lower than the highest one (achieved without neither fuel drying nor heat recovery), but the corresponding first law efficiency is the best. Thus this solution has been adopted: it is schematised in Figure 4.13. In case of pure electric production, the thermal process is substituted by a cooling tower and the recovery heat exchanger is accordingly removed (thermal production would be ridiculous). In this regard, it must be specified that the latter is not considered an independent solution, as the plant scheme is essentially the same and there is only a condensation temperature modification: therefore, two performance data will be provided for the ORC solution in the results section. 4.2.6 ICE/GT GAS ORC – Internal combustion engine or gas turbine coupled with a gasifier and bottoming ORC In this solution ORC is fed with hot flue gases discharged by an internal combustion engine or a gas turbine fed by a gasifier, thus forming a sort of combined cycle. The integration of ICEs and GTs with ORCs has been widely investigated (see for instance [4.5] and [4.6]), but these studies always refer to the classic natural gas feeding and not to the integration with syngas-fuelled devices, like in this case. This solution is practically given by the combination of the presented first two plants (ICE GAS and GT GAS) with an ORC. Consequently, the related acronyms are: • ICE GAS ORC • GT GAS ORC Right because this scheme derives from ICE/GT GAS, for the latter there would be additional six versions, related to those considered in that case. Besides, they should be multiplied by two, because the possible CHP or electric arrangement of ORC plant should be considered (for internal combustion engines only these two ones are present). Actually in STIG plants, exhaust gases leave the HRSG at 230 ÷ 250°C, a too low temperature to allow an integration with an ORC, thus only simple and regenerative cycles have been considered. However, like in the previous case, all these possible 134PDF Image | SMALL-SCALE BIOMASS POWER GENERATION
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