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Chapter 3 Working hypotheses and preliminary analysis An weighted average operation, analogous to the one performed above, must be effected again (as mentioned, it is about 5 MJ/kg): LHVsyngas =∑LHVi ⋅Yi =LHVCO ⋅YCO +LHVH2 ⋅YH2 +LHVCH4 ⋅YCH4 = i = 10.1 MJ ⋅ 0.231 + 120 MJ ⋅ 0.016 + 50 MJ ⋅ 0.007 = 4.6 MJ (3.9) kgf kgf kgf kgf Finally, the resulting lower heating value of the air/syngas mixture entering the engine can be calculated as follows: LHVmixture,syngas = LHVsyngas = 4.6 MJ/kg f ≅ 1.6 ÷ 2.1 MJ (3.10) α +1 (1.2 ÷1.85)+1 kgg /kgf kgg As one can see, the lower heating value of the air/fuel mixture is very similar in both cases, therefore with an analogous mixture mass flow rate (and thus gas mass flow rate), an analogous fuel power input is provided. Besides it must be remembered that ICEs specifically designed for low-LHV feeding are characterised by similar efficiencies with respect to their corresponding same size models fuelled with methane [3.11] (indeed, there are not many plants available on the market), therefore the hypothesis that engines keep the same electrical efficiency in case of syngas feeding, too, can be considered reasonable. Hence, if fuel power input and electrical efficiency are equal, electric power output will accordingly be equal. After all, it has been demonstrated that ThermoflexTM assumptions are fully acceptable, at least for the purposes of this work: both in case of natural gas and syngas feeding, a certain size internal combustion engine (in terms of power output) is roughly characterised by the same gas mass flow rate and by the same electrical efficiency and therefore ThermoflexTM methane-fed ICEs models can suitably be used for the performance simulations also in case of syngas fuelling. Another aspect must finally be discussed for completeness. This analysis has been conducted in mass terms, because energy balances (such as heat recovery downstream the engine, etc.), which are the real objective of the simulations, are regulated by mass 113PDF Image | SMALL-SCALE BIOMASS POWER GENERATION
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