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New Concepts FOR Organic Rankine Cycle Power Systems

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New Concepts FOR Organic Rankine Cycle Power Systems ( new-concepts-for-organic-rankine-cycle-power-systems )

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Chapter 5 Figure 5.4: Object diagram of the entire combined cycle system. of axial compressors provided with a commercial software [25]. The compressor maps used here are those originally presented in Ref. [26]. These maps are represented by tables reporting values for reduced flow, pressure ratio, isoentropic efficiency and speed of revolution for the complete operating range of the component. Following the methodology proposed in Ref. [27], the maps are scaled so that they can represent the part-load characteristic of the axial compressors of the SGT-500 gas turbine. For all the turbines, which have many stages, the Stodola equation is used to express the relation between inlet and outlet pressure, the mass flow rate and the inlet temperature in off-design operating conditions [28]. In order to predict the turbines off-design efficiency, the correlation relating the isoentropic efficiency and the non-dimensional flow coefficient proposed in Ref. [29] is utilized. The part-load performance of the electric generator is modeled using the equation proposed by Haglind [30]. The model of the combustion chamber assumes that the mixing and the combustion processes take place inside a constant volume. The mass and the internal energy of the volume are calculated using the thermodynamic properties of the combustion products exiting the combustion chamber. Mass and energy dynamic balances are formulated, by assuming complete combustion and no heat loss to the environment (adiabatic process). The pressure drops are lumped at the outlet of the combustion chamber and are estimated by assuming a quadratic dependency with respect to the volumetric flow. The Modelica mechanical connections between the compressors, shaft inertias, turbines, and generator connector allow to compute the variation of the angular speed of the low pressure, high pressure and power turbine shaft. The values of the inertia of the rotating masses (shaft, blades, generator) and the volume of the combustion chamber are set according to data pro- vided by the gas turbine manufacturer. ORC SYSTEM The once-through boiler, which is one of the components of the object diagram of Fig. 5.4, is 130

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