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Energy Systems Design Accounting for Dynamic Performance of sound c. The corresponding equations are: s6 = s(PT,6,TT,6) hth =hT,6(PT,6,TT,6)− 1c(hth,s6)2 (5.4) 2 m ̇ = ρth(hth, s6) · c(hth, s6) · Ath , where s6 is the specific entropy at the turbine inlet, and the subscript “th” indicates the sonic throat section. The continuity equation relates the mass flow rate through the nozzle m ̇ to the density ρth and the flow passage area Ath in the throat section. By solving system (5.4) for given design conditions in terms of thermodynamic state and mass flow rate at the turbine inlet, the total nozzle throat area Ath can be evaluated. 5.4.2 Dynamic Modeling The dynamic model of the combined cycle system is developed by using components from exist- ing Modelica libraries. The gas turbine sub-system model is built by utilizing basic components included in the ThermoPower library [23], while the ORC system model adopts component models from the Modelica ORC library [24], with suitable adaptations regarding the heat transfer coeffi- cients in the 1D once-through boiler model. Figure 5.3: Object diagram of the gas engine sub-system. Figure 5.3 shows the Modelica object diagram of the GT sub-system, which has fluid con- nectors for air intake, fuel inlet, and exhaust gas, and one mechanical connector for the power turbine shaft. Figure 5.4 shows the Modelica object diagram of the entire combined cycle system. Note that, according to object-oriented modeling principles, a-causal physical connections belong- ing to different domains (mechanical, thermo-hydraulic, electrical) are made between the different objects; input-output connections are only used for the control systems, which are inherently causal. GAS TURBINE ENGINE The low and high pressure compressors are described by quasi-static models, employing the maps 129PDF Image | New Concepts FOR Organic Rankine Cycle Power Systems
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