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study and optimization analysis was conducted by Shengjun et al. [10] on subcritical and transcritical geothermal based ORC. They found that among sixteen different working fluids that R125 led to an excellent economic and environmental performance for a transcritical cycle, and R123 gave the highest energy and exergy efficiencies for a supercritical cycle. Tchanche et al. [11] showed an increase of 7% in the energy efficiency of an ORC integrated with a reverse osmosis desalination system when a regenerator is used. The optimization analysis of ORC is performed based on the heat exchanger area and the exergy destruction in heat exchangers as the main parameter of study in different studies [7, 12, 13]. Some research is performed to analyze the geothermal ORC systems economically and exergoeconomically [1, 14, 15]. They studied the effect of different operating parameters of the ORC and the geothermal fluid conditions on the cost rates associated with the energy and exergy streams through the system. In the present paper, an investigation of the energetic and exergetic performances of a regenerative ORC with a geothermal heat source is performed. Comprehensive economic and exergoeconomic analyses are also performed to study, along with an application, for an optimal design condition which is performed based on the surface area of the heat exchangers with respect to the useful power output from the system. 2. System Description The organic Rankine cycle system analyzed in this work is represented by the schematic diagram shown in Fig. 1. It is mainly composed of a Rankine cycle components, namely, evaporator or vapor generator with a superheater section, an expander, a water cooling condenser and an organic fluid pump. The system has a regenerative heat exchanger as part of the system. Geothermal fluid and cooling water circulation pumps are integrated into the system analysis. The organic fluid passes through the evaporator and extracts the heat from the geothermal fluid. Superheating is provided to the organic fluid and then it is directed to the expander where useful work is gained. The expander exist stream exchanges its heat with the cold feeding flow after the system pump which facilitate better utilization of the provided energy and it is expected to increase the overall system performance[11]. However, it will increase the total capital cost of the system. The organic fluid enters the condenser where it loses its heat to the cooling water and it is subcooled before entering the system pump. Table 1 shows the operating parameters and assumptions of the considered system. Table 1 Specifications and operating parameters of the considered system. Parameter Organic fluid Gross power Electric generator efficiency Expander isentropic efficiency Pump isentropic efficiency Geothermal water inlet temperature Cooling water inlet temperature Regenerator effectiveness Data Isobutane 5 MWel 97% 89% 95% 160-175oC 15oC 85% 2PDF Image | Exergoeconomic Analyses and Optimization of Geothermal ORC
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