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ISSN: 2277-3754 ISO 9001:2008 Certified International Journal of Engineering and Innovative Technology (IJEIT) Volume 2, Issue 12, June 2013 Review on Exhaust Gas Heat Recovery for I.C. Engine J. S. Jadhao, D. G. Thombare PG Student, Automobile Engineering Department, R.I.T., Sakharale, Dist. Sangali, (MS) Professor, Automobile Engineering Department, R.I.T., Sakharale, Dist. Sangali, (MS) Abstract - The increasingly worldwide problem regarding rapid economy development and a relative shortage of energy, the internal combustion engine exhaust waste heat and environmental pollution has been more emphasized heavily recently. Out of the total heat supplied to the engine in the form of fuel, approximately, 30 to 40% is converted into useful mechanical work; the remaining heat is expelled to the environment through exhaust gases and engine cooling systems, resulting in to entropy rise and serious environmental pollution, so it is required to utilized waste heat into useful work. The recovery and utilization of waste heat not only conserves fuel (fossil fuel) but also reduces the amount of waste heat and greenhouse gases damped to environment. The study shows the availability and possibility of waste heat from internal combustion engine, also describe loss of exhaust gas energy of an internal combustion engine. Possible methods to recover the waste heat from internal combustion engine and performance and emissions of the internal combustion engine. Waste heat recovery system is the best way to recover waste heat and saving the fuel. Keywords - Efficiency, Emission, Waste heat from I. C. Engine, Waste heat recovery system for I. C. Engine I. INTRODUCTION Recent trend about the best ways of using the deployable sources of energy in to useful work in order to reduce the rate of consumption of fossil fuel as well as pollution. Out of all the available sources, the internal combustion engines are the major consumer of fossil fuel around the globe. Out of the total heat supplied to the engine in the form of fuel, approximately, 30 to 40% is converted into useful mechanical work. The remaining heat is expelled to the environment through exhaust gases and engine cooling systems, resulting in to entropy rise and serious environmental pollution, so it is required to utilized waste heat into useful work. The recovery and utilization of waste heat not only conserves fuel, usually fossil fuel but also reduces the amount of waste heat and greenhouse gases damped to environment. It is imperative that serious and concrete effort should be launched for conserving this energy through exhaust heat recovery techniques. Such a waste heat recovery would ultimately reduce the overall energy requirement and also the impact on global warming. The Internal Combustion Engine has been a primary power source for automobiles and automotives over the past century. Presently, high fuel costs and concerns about foreign oil dependence have resulted in increasingly complex engine designs to decrease fuel consumption. For example, engine manufacturers have implemented techniques such as enhanced fuel-air mixing, turbo-charging, and variable valve timing in order to increase thermal efficiency. However, around 60-70% of the fuel energy is still lost as waste heat through the coolant or the exhaust. Moreover, increasingly stringent emissions regulations are causing engine manufacturers to limit combustion temperatures and pressures lowering potential efficiency gains [1]. As the most widely used source of primary power for machinery critical to the transportation, construction and agricultural sectors, engine has consumed more than 60% of fossil oil. On the other hand, legislation of exhaust emission levels has focused on carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbons (HC), nitrogen oxides (NOx), and particulate matter (PM). Energy conservation on engine is one of best ways to deal with these problems since it can improve the energy utilization efficiency of engine and reduces emissions [2,]. Given the importance of increasing energy conversion efficiency for reducing both the fuel consumption and emissions of engine, scientists and engineers have done lots of successful research aimed to improve engine thermal efficiency, including supercharge, lean mixture combustion, etc. However, in all the energy saving technologies studied. Engine exhaust heat recovery is considered to be one of the most effective. Many researchers recognize that Waste Heat Recovery from engine exhaust has the potential to decrease fuel consumption without increasing emissions, and recent technological advancements have made these systems viable and cost effective [3]. This paper gives a comprehensive review of the waste heat from internal combustion engine, waste heat recovery system and methods of waste heat recovery system. II. POSSIBILITY OF HEAT RECOVERY AND AVAILABILITY FROM I.C. ENGINE Waste heat is heat, which is generated in a process by way of fuel combustion or chemical reaction, and then “dumped” into the environment even though it could still be reused for some useful and economic purpose. This heat depends in part on the temperature of the waste heat gases and mass flow rate of exhaust gas. Waste heat losses arise both from equipment inefficiencies and from thermodynamic limitations on equipment and processes. For example, consider internal combustion engine approximately 30 to 40% is converted into useful mechanical work. The remaining heat is expelled to the environment through exhaust gases and engine cooling systems [4]. It means approximately 60 to 70% energy losses 93PDF Image | Review on Exhaust Gas Heat Recovery for I.C. Engine
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