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III. NATIONAL ACTIVITIES SWITZERLAND Recent trends indicate that BHEs are more and more placed directly beneath the buildings being erected (Figure 16.1). A further development emphasizes the use of such systems not only for space heating and domestic hot water supply but also for cooling. This secures optimum property use. 16.3.2.1 Installed Thermal Power Table 16.1 shows the installed capacity of the various utilization technologies in 2004 (the numbers are based on the statistical survey of Signorelli, et al., 2004). The statistical survey reveals that in 2004, geothermal heat pumps (GHP), with 525 MW, formed the largest part of installed capacity in Switzerland (90 % of installed geothermal capacity, Table 16.1). Although the contribution of the category geostructures (mostly “energy piles”, which are foundation piles equipped with heat exchanger pipes) did not expand significantly in 2004, their recognition is increasing. Their prominent example, the Midfield Terminal C at Zurich International Airport “Unique”, is now in service, and the new terminal is heated and cooled by an energy piles/heat pump system. The total installed capacity for direct use was 585 MWt. Switzerland still occupies a prominent rank in geothermal heat pump applications (see below). 16.3.2.2 Thermal Energy Used The numbers for the energy produced by the different categories have also been taken from Signorelli, et al. (2004). Table 16.2 shows the numbers for heat production in 2004. The average capacity (load) factor, due to the climatic conditions, is around 20 % but varies with application: thermal springs and wells for balneology and wellness are utilized all year around. The low capacity factor for geothermal heat pump systems is not necessarily disadvantageous; in well-insulated buildings the heat pump runtimes can be kept low. Figure 16.1 Borehole heat exchangers placed directly beneath the building to be heated/cooled (Office building, Amstein & Walthert AG, Zurich). IEA Geothermal R&T Annual Report 2004.doc 96PDF Image | Geothermal Energy Annual Report 2004
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