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III. NATIONAL ACTIVITIES JAPAN CHAPTER 13 Japan 13.1 Introduction Japan’s first geothermal electricity generation of 1.12kW took place in Beppu, Oita Prefecture, Kyushu, in 1925. The practical use of geothermal energy commenced in 1966, with the introduction of the first full scale geothermal power plant, the Matsukawa Geothermal Power Plant of 9.5 MWe (23.5 MWe at present), Iwate Prefecture, in the Tohoku District of northern Honshu. Japan, as a volcanic country, has favourable conditions for geothermal development. However, the construction of geothermal power plants has been restricted due to factors such as the restrictions on the use of National Parks and low and stable oil prices. Therefore, as shown by Table 13.1, at the end of the 1980s only nine plants were operating, with a total capacity of about 215 MWe. Name of Power Plant Mori Sumikawa Onuma Matsukawa Kakkonda 1 Kakkonda 2 Uenotai Onikobe Yanaizu - Nishiyama Hachijojima Suginoi Kuju Takigami Otake Hatchobaru 1 Hatchobaru 2 Takenoyu Ogiri Kirishima Kokusai Hotel Yamagawa Power Plant Operator Steam Supplier Authorized Annual Start of Operation Nov. 1982 Mar. 1995 June 1974 Oct. 1966 May 1978 Mar. 1996 Mar. 1994 Mar. 1975 May 1995 Mar. 1999 Mar. 1981 Dec. 2000 Nov. 1996 Aug. 1967 June 1977 June 1990 Oct. 1991 Mar. 1996 Feb. 1984 Mar. 1995 Table 13.1 Geothermal power plants in operation as of 31 March 2004. Power Generator Output Energy (MW) Production Hokkaido Electric Power Co., Inc. Tohoku Electric Power Co., Inc. Mitsubishi Materials Corporation Japan Metals & Chemicals Co., Ltd. Tohoku Electric Power Co., Inc. Tohoku Electric Power Co., Inc. Tohoku Electric Power Co., Inc. Electric Power Development Co. Tohoku Electric Power Co., Inc. Tokyo Electric Power Company Suginoi Hotel Kuju Kankou Hotel Kyushu Electric Power Co., Inc., Kyushu Electric Power Co., Inc. Kyushu Electric Power Co., Inc. Kyushu Electric Power Co., Inc. Hirose Trading Co., Ltd. Kyushu Electric Power Co., Inc. Daiwabo Kanko Co., Ltd. Kyushu Electric Power Co., Inc. Donan Geothermal Energy Co., Ltd. Mitsubishi Materials Corporation same as on the left same as on the left Japan Metals & Chemicals Co., Ltd. Tohoku Geothermal Energy Co., Ltd. Akita Geothermal Energy Co., Ltd. same as on the left Okuaizu Geothermal Ltd. Co., same as on the left same as on the left same as on the left Idemitsu Oita Geothermal Co., Ltd. same as on the left same as on the left same as on the left same as on the left Nittetsu Kagoshima Geothermal Co., Ltd. same as on the left Japex Geothermal Kyushu Co., Ltd. (MWh) 50.0 155,333 50.0 424,403 9.5 63,000 23.5 157,276 50.0 229,387 30.0 221,439 28.8 199,543 12.5 104,434 65.0 388,211 3.3 16,239 3.0 9,782 2.0 7,477 25.0 201,613 12.5 89,384 55.0 386,591 55.0 437,968 0.05 0 30.0 245,365 0.1 13 30.0 149,007 535.25 3,486,465 Total Note: 1. “Annual Energy Production” covers energy production for one year from 1 April 2003 to 31 March 2004. The risks involved in initial investment also hinder geothermal development. Thus, the government has been promoting research and development of exploration techniques in several areas of geothermal activities. As a result, geothermal development in several areas in the Tohoku and Kyushu Districts reached the construction stage in the early 1990s. The operational status of Japan’s geothermal power plants as of 31 March 2004 is indicated in Table 13.1. No geothermal generation plants were begun in fiscal year 2003 (April 2003- March 2004). The total authorized output of the geothermal power generation in Japan is 535.25 MWe. Geothermal direct use in Japan is shown in Table 13.2, as a database IEA Geothermal R&T Annual Report 2004.doc 76PDF Image | Geothermal Energy Annual Report 2004
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