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advance the use of renewable energies. Five focus areas have been identified for the period of 2006-2010: The modernization of Switzerland‘s building stock The use of renewable energy, Efficiency gains in equipment and engines, Efficient energy and waste heat use in industrial sectors, and Energy efficient and low emission mobility. SwissEnergy mainly works through voluntary agreements with trade and industry, and with information campaigns to improve public awareness. 20.2.2 LegislationandRegulation The energy article of the Swiss Federal Constitution, the Energy Act, the CO2 Act, the Nuclear Energy Act and the Electricity Supply Act are all integral parts of a sustainable and modern Swiss energy policy. In addition to these legal instruments, energy policies of the federal government and the cantons are based on the availability of future energy supply and demand scenarios as well as on strategies, implementation programs and the evaluation of energy-related measures at community, cantonal and federal levels. Since 1990, all cantons have been drawing up their energy legislation and regulations, and with the enactment of the Federal Energy Act and the Federal Energy Ordinance on 1 January 1999, the Federal Council has complied with the mandate conferred by the Energy Article of the Swiss Federal Constitution. A CO2 Act entered into effect on 1 May 2000, in which Switzerland defined binding targets for the reduction of the greenhouse gas, CO2. The targeted reduction is primarily to be achieved through voluntary measures on the part of companies and private individuals, as well as measures relating to energy, environment, transport and financial policy. Currently, there is a major revision of the CO2 Act underway, the revised version of which will take effect in 2013. 20.2.3 Progress Towards National Targets National targets comprise: InaccordancewiththeCO2 law,thegoalofSwitzerland‘sclimatepolicyistoreduceCO2 emissions by 10% over a period of 2008-2012 and to stabilize other greenhouse gas emissions compared to their values of 1990. This translates into an 8% reduction in greenhouse gas emissions according to the Kyoto Protocol. The reduction of the rate of growth of electricity consumption (at most 5% more consumption in 2010 compared to 2000), And more uptake of renewable energies for electricity production (+0.5 TWh in 2010 compared to 2000) and heat production (+3 TWh in 2010 compared to 2000). Owing to a 14.1% rise in the consumption of transportation fuels, Switzerland‘s CO2 emissions have, by the end of 2009, declined by only 2.9 % when compared to 1990. In 2010, Switzerland‘s electricity consumption amounted to 59.8 TWh, about 14.2% more than in the year 2000 (52.4 TWh), of which new renewable energy sources (excluding large hydropower) contributed to a production of approximately 1,395 GWh. The latter figure compares to 847 GWh for the year 2000. For the year 2010, 13,344 GWh of heat were derived from renewable energy sources compared to 8,915 GWh in the year 2000. 231PDF Image | Geothermal Research and Tech IEA
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