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Kavitha T et al Euro. J. Appl. Eng. Sci. Res., 2012, 1 (4):235-240 ______________________________________________________________________________ In this method a small amount of suitable surfactant, generally one tenth of mass of nanoparticles, is added to the base fluid and stirred continuously for few hours. Nanofluids prepared using surfactants will give a stable suspension with uniform particle dispersion in the host liquid [18, 19]. The nanoparticles remain in suspension state for a long time without settling down at the bottom of the container [30]. After estimate the amount of nanoparticles required for preparation of TiO2 Nanofluids for a given volume concentration [20]. Nanoparticles are mixed in the base fluid of water [31-33]. In the present investigation, neither surfactants nor acid are added in the TiO2 nanofluids, because with the addition of surfactants the thermo physical properties of nanofluids are affected [20-22]. Addition of acid may damage the tube material because corrosion takes place after a few days with the prolonged usage of such nanofluids in practical applications [22]. All the test samples of TiO2 nanofluids used subsequently for estimation of their properties were subjected to magnetic stirring process followed by ultrasonic vibration for about 2 hours [23-25]. The photographic view of TiO2 nanofluids sonication process using a Ultrasonic Cleaner is shown in the figure 2.2 Figure 2.2: Ultrasonic Cleaner apparatus for sonication process of TiO2 Nanofluids The TiO2 nanofluids samples thus prepared are kept for observation and no particle settlement was observed at the bottom of the flask containing TiO2 nanofluids even after 3 hours .[24-28] The photographic view of TiO2 nanofluids suspension prepared after magnetic stirring and sonication process is as shown in Figure 2.3 Figure 2.3: The photographic view of Tio2 nanofluids suspension Scholars Research Library 237PDF Image | TiO2 nano powder and water based nanofluids
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