PDF Publication Title:
Text from PDF Page: 002
Kavitha T et al Euro. J. Appl. Eng. Sci. Res., 2012, 1 (4):235-240 ______________________________________________________________________________ Table1: Thermal conductivity of various solids and liquids Carbon Metallic solids (pure) Nonmetallic solids Metallic liquids Nonmetallic liquids Material Nanotubes Diamond Graphite Fullerenes film Copper Aluminum Silicon Alumina (Al2O3) Sodium (644 K) Water Ethylene glycol (EG) Engine oil (EO) Thermal conductivity (W/mK) 1800-6600 2300 110-190 0.4 401 237 148 40 72.3 0.613 0.253 0.145 MATERIALS AND METHODS 2. Experimental Study 2.1 Synthesis and preparation methods The Preparation of nanofluids is the first key step in experimental studies with nanofluids. 2.1.1 Two step technique Two-step method is the most widely used method for preparing nanofluids. Nanoparticles, nanofibers, nanotubes, and nanomaterials. In this method, first produced as dry powders by using chemical or physical methods [6-9]. We used sol gel technique for preparation of nano Tio2 powders [8]. The obtained nanosized powder will be dispersed into a base fluid (Water) in the second processing step with the help of intensive magnetic force agitation. 2.1.2 Nano Tio2 preparation by using sol gel technique TiO2 Nano-powders were prepared via sol–gel method using titanium tetraisopropoxide (TTIP, Merck), distilled water, ethyl alcohol (EtOH, Merck) as the starting materials. Titanium tetraisopropoxide was dropped slowly into the solution of water and ethyl alcohol while magnetic agitating continuously to get white slurry solution [36]. The obtained solutions were kept under slow-speed constant stirring on a magnetic stirrer for 40mins at room temperature [12]. Then the precipitated TiO2 was filtered and dried at 50oC for 1 h until it was turned into white block crystal. After ball milling the dried powders obtained were calcinated at 400oC for 2 h to observe the phase changes accompanying the heat treatments [10-12]. 2.2 Nanofluids preparation using Tio2 nanoparticles The TiO2 Nano particles have an average size of 6 nm used for investigation in the present experimental work. The photographic view of the nanoparticles as seen by the naked eyes is shown in the Figure 2.1 [12, 13]. The distribution of TiO2 nanoparticles at Nano scale can be observed under a Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM). The SEM images of TiO2 nanoparticles as shown in the figure 3.2 [35-37]. Preparation of nanofluids is an important stage and nanofluids are prepared in a systematic and careful manner [13-16]. A stable nanofluid with uniform particle dispersion is required and the same is used for measuring the thermo physical properties of nanofluids [17]. Figure 2.1: Photographic view of Tio2 nanoparticles Scholars Research Library 236PDF Image | TiO2 nano powder and water based nanofluids
PDF Search Title:
TiO2 nano powder and water based nanofluidsOriginal File Name Searched:
EJAESR_2012_1_4_235_240.pdfDIY PDF Search: Google It | Yahoo | Bing
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
IT XR Project Redstone NFT Available for Sale: NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. Can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Turbine IT XR Project Redstone Design: NFT for sale... NFT for high tech turbine design with one part 3D printed counter-rotating energy turbine. Includes all rights to this turbine design, including license for Fluid Handling Block I and II for the turbine assembly and housing. The NFT includes the blueprints (cad/cam), revenue streams, and all future development of the IT XR Project Redstone... More Info
Infinity Turbine ROT Radial Outflow Turbine 24 Design and Worldwide Rights: NFT for sale... NFT for the ROT 24 energy turbine. Be part of the future with this NFT. This design can be bought and sold but only one design NFT exists. You may manufacture the unit, or get the revenues from its sale from Infinity Turbine. Royalties go to the developer (Infinity) to keep enhancing design and applications... More Info
Infinity Supercritical CO2 10 Liter Extractor Design and Worldwide Rights: The Infinity Supercritical 10L CO2 extractor is for botanical oil extraction, which is rich in terpenes and can produce shelf ready full spectrum oil. With over 5 years of development, this industry leader mature extractor machine has been sold since 2015 and is part of many profitable businesses. The process can also be used for electrowinning, e-waste recycling, and lithium battery recycling, gold mining electronic wastes, precious metals. CO2 can also be used in a reverse fuel cell with nafion to make a gas-to-liquids fuel, such as methanol, ethanol and butanol or ethylene. Supercritical CO2 has also been used for treating nafion to make it more effective catalyst. This NFT is for the purchase of worldwide rights which includes the design. More Info
NFT (Non Fungible Token): Buy our tech, design, development or system NFT and become part of our tech NFT network... More Info
Infinity Turbine Products: Special for this month, any plans are $10,000 for complete Cad/Cam blueprints. License is for one build. Try before you buy a production license. May pay by Bitcoin or other Crypto. Products Page... More Info
| CONTACT TEL: 608-238-6001 Email: greg@infinityturbine.com | RSS | AMP |