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Thermogravimetry (TG), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and the measurements of water isotherms were applied to compare the adsorption- and desorption properties of the different kinds of porous storage materials. The TG and DSC measurements were performed on a SETARAM TG-DSC 111 equipment with a heating rate of 5 K/min to a temperature of 673 K in a nitrogen stream of 1 L/h. Prior to the desorption experiment the water was adsorbed ”off-line” in a desiccator at a relative pressure of 0.3 at room temperature overnight. Then the samples were transferred into the apparatus. The sorption isotherms were measured gravimetrically at 313 K with a home-made McBain quartz spring balance equipped with MKS Baratron pressure sensors (10-3-1000 mbar). The sensitivity of the quartz spring amounts to 4 mg/mm. The expansion of the spring was measured using a kathetometer with a resolution of 0.01 mm. Before application, the samples (150-200 mg) were calcined in high vacuum (<10-5 mbar) at 573 K (zeolitic materials) and 523 K (impregnated material) for 2-3 h. A storage unit with a volume of about 1.5 L was used for the tests on a larger scale (see Figures 1 and 2). It consists of an adsorber (storage, center upper part in Figures 1 and 2) filled with approximately 1 kg of storage material and equipped with a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger of the storage is connected to an thermostat/pump for heat transfer in charging and discharging mode. The storage is connected with an evaporator (for discharging), a condenser with chiller for charging (desorption of water) and a vacuum pump. A diaphragm vacuum pump between the exit of the storage on top the condenser and the entry on bottom support the water vapour stream storage-condenser during charging. The set-up is equipped with pressure sensors, thermocouples and data acquisition. The heat during discharging of the thermochemical storage was transferred via heat exchanger into a water reservoir of 7 L volume. The maximum charging temperature amounts to 473 K. The minimum temperature in the condenser was 274 K. For discharging of the storage the temperature of the evaporator was kept at about 293 K. Results and Discussion Investigation of the adsorption properties of the microporous and mesoporous storage materials In the following part the results of the physico-chemical characterization of the adsorption behaviour of water in microporous aluminophosphates are discussed and compared with zeolites and mesoporous materials. Figure 3 Mass loss in a nitrogen flow between 300 and 670 K for LiNaX, SAPO-34, AlPO4-18 and AlPO4-17 (from top to bottom). 7th Workshop of IEA/ECES Annex 17, 8-12 October 2004, Beijing, PR of China 3PDF Image | STORAGE OF LOW TEMPERATURE HEAT BY ZEOLITES
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