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Chapter 7 Energy Conversion Systems – Options and Issues Table 7.1 Summary of energy conversion systems. Geofluid Energy conversion Typical Working Cooling temperature, °C system application fluid system 100 Basic binary O&G waters R134a Water (evaporative 150 Binary O&G waters Isobutane Air w/recuperator 200 Binary or EGS Isobutane or Air or water Singleflash Geofluid 250 Doubleflash EGS Geofluid Water Although we suggest using a binary cycle with a recuperator for the 150°C resource, we did not incorporate a regenerator in the cycles we examined. It may be more beneficial to allow the geofluid to cool to as low a temperature as possible, if the binary plant is to be used with an EGS reservoir. This will enhance the gravity head through the wellreservoir system and improve the natural circulation. 400 Single or Supercritical Geofluid Water triple expansion EGS 7.2.1 Electricity from coproduced oil and gas operations The 200°C case lies on the border between the binary and flash systems, and we show both as possibilities. If a binary cycle is chosen, the working fluid should be operated at supercritical pressure to obtain the optimum performance. 74 condenser) It has been suggested recently that there is an enormous untapped hydrothermal energy resource associated with coproduced hot waters from oil and gas operations (McKenna and Blackwell, 2005; McKenna et al., 2005). Those authors estimated that the resource potential could range from about 985 to 5,300 MWe (depending on the water temperature), using the fluids currently being produced in seven Gulf Coast states. Binary power plants are a wellestablished technology for utilizing low to moderatetemperature geothermal fluids (DiPippo, 2004; DiPippo, 2005). Figure 7.1 shows a typical binary plant in simplified form. This type of plant is ideally suited for energy recovery from coproduced fluids.PDF Image | Energy Conversion Systems
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