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BC Bugwood Envirochem Services Inc. methanol is freighted by tanker train to a BC customer over a distance of 700 km (one-way). As shown in the energy diagram below, only small losses are incurred by each transport step. The main energy uses are drying and processing, except in the case of hydrogen addition where electrolysis dominates the energy use. Methanol can be used both for drying and as a 60/40 mix in transport. In the mobile application, methanol or methanol/diesel mix can replace all required energy usage. As the amount of methanol increases when hydrogen is added, the transport energy for product transport is likewise higher than for the conventional process. Harvesting 1.76% energy input (diesel) Chipping & Drying 0.94% energy input (methanol & diesel) 0.13% energy input (Diesel) 0.18% energy input (60% methanol 40% diesel) 8.17% energy input Plant & Process Usage (Electricity) Transport to plant Processing Mobile Processing 67% Process Energy Conversion 700 km Rail Transport 700 km Rail Transport Stationary Case 11.2% energy input 32.9% energy output Mobile Case 11.0% energy input 32.9% energy output Biomass Feed 20% moisture Pre-processing Figure 4.6.10 Energy Balance of Mobile and Stationary Methanol Plant for the Direct Fluidized Gasification Option 5.15% Process Energy Conversion Loss 0.18% energy input (60% methanol 40% diesel) 68.91% energy input Plant & Process Usage (Electricity) 0.37% energy input (Diesel) 2.7% energy input (methanol & diesel) Processing with H2 Addition Processing with CO2 removal 700 km Rail Transport 700 km Rail Transport H2 generation 72.2% energy input 94.9% energy output CO2 Removal 11.2% energy input 32.9% energy output Biomass Feed 20% moisture Pre-processing Transport to plant 67% Process Energy Conversion Loss Figure 4.6.11 Energy Balance of Stationary Methanol Plant Options With and Without H2 Generation. 4.6.8 Methanol Economics The base case is a direct fluidized large stationary application. Since all processes are commercially available, it is assumed the economics for the base case would be accurate to within a reasonable margin. Uncertainties concerning cost estimates arise from the gasification portion of the process. Some of the numbers will differ due to the differences in each of the gasifiers. The base case estimate represents the largest possible methanol processing plant. As feedstock costs represent 60% of production cost, a reduction of this cost and/or increase of the market price of methanol by a small amount translates into a major improvement of the economic feasibility of the process. Fluctuations in methanol pricing make gauging a good estimate for its market value difficult. Currently, consumers in Alberta are purchasing methanol for anywhere from 42ยข to $1.60 a litre (delivered); Methanex (wholesale) pricing has increased Page 69 8.17% energy input Plant & Process Usage (Electricity) 0.13% energy input (Diesel)PDF Image | IDENTIFYING ENVIRONMENTALLY PREFERABLE USES FOR BIOMASS
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