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BC Bugwood Envirochem Services Inc. The methanol synthesis produces a purge gas along with the methanol; this purge gas consists of primarily CO2 and H2O but contains some residual CO and H2. The low energy content causes combustion instability and makes it difficult to recover the energy. Large facilities use a more advanced approach of combustion in a combined cycle but this would most likely not be feasible in a mobile application. 4.6.6 Hydrogen versus Carbon Dioxide Removal during Methanol Synthesis Methanol synthesis requires a balance of molecular species but gasification creates the problem of a large excess of carbon dioxide in the syngas. Current technology removes the carbon dioxide, leading to low overall carbon conversion rates, ultimately making the process economically inattractive. Instead, a novel approach to this problem is to add electrolytic hydrogen to the species in a sufficient quantity to balance the ratios. This has numerous benefits over CO2 removal: electrolysis produces both hydrogen and oxygen, which can be used in the gasification and synthesis process. By balancing the species with hydrogen, both the water gas shift and CO2 removal steps can be eliminated, decreasing equipment cost. The electrolyser costs are minimal since the apparatus is quite simple; hydrogen costs are primarily determined by the cost of electricity. Since this project is planned for the interior of British Columbia where electricity is both relatively inexpensive and has low GHG impacts, it makes the electrolytic hydrogen option well suited. The use of electrolytic hydrogen does have a few drawbacks, such as its massive electric power consumption. Adding hydrogen does not improve the energy balance, but reduces overall energy yields. Large amounts of electricity are required to synthesize methanol. For provinces other than BC with higher grid electricity emissions the electrolytic hydrogen option would create more GHGs than it saves and could cost significantly more due to higher electricity prices. 4.6.7 Bugwood to Methanol Energy Balance The energy analysis of the conversion of bugwood to methanol is primarily focused on the gasification and syngas composition. The various different gasification routes produce gases which require different processes to utilize. Our report focuses on four gasification routes and two alternative plant locations. The locational scenarios focus on chipping and drying in the field and then either processing with mobile units, or transporting back to a plant and processing there. In this analysis, the end product (methanol) augments the transportation fuel supply. However, the added capital cost of the mobile units out weighs the small energy savings gained with mobile units. Mobile Harvesting Figure 4.6.9 Pre- Gasification Methanol processin Synthesis Torrefaction Material and Process Flow In the stationary scenario, it is assumed that the wood is chipped near the harvesting site and then transported to the plant by chip truck (40 bdt) over an average distance of 100 km. The Page 68 Customer Transportable or Stationary Gasification Methanol SynthesisPDF Image | IDENTIFYING ENVIRONMENTALLY PREFERABLE USES FOR BIOMASS
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