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Silver Bay Biomass Binary Power Co‐generation Glossary (continued) Lower Heating Value (LHV): Is the net amount of heat energy released by a combusted fuel. LHV is commonly used in Europe and excludes latent energy needed to evaporate water in the fuel. mmBtu: 1,000,000 British Thermal Units (Btu’s). 1 Btu is the energy required to raise 1 lb of water 1 degree. 1mmBtu is equivalent to the energy in 1000 cubic feet of natural gas. There are 9 mmBtu in a ton of wood waste (as received), 135,000 Btu’s in a gallon of fuel oil and 91,600 Btu’s in a gallon of propane. Octamethyltrisiloxane (OMTS): The low boiling point, high molecular weight organic fluid used in a closed cycle by Turboden in their biomass fired ORC unit. OMTS is a clear, colorless silicon oil commonly found in suntan lotions and cosmetics Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC): Using an organic fluid such as iso‐pentane, propane, butane, octamethyltrisiloxane (OMTS), etc in a binary power cycle to generate electricity. Producer Gas: A low Btu (approximately 100 Btu/cu ft) gas made from gasification of various biomass sources, but most commonly wood (also referred to as Wood Gas). Clean‐up of tars and soot can add significant cost. Pyrolysis: Chemical decomposition of organic material in the absence of oxygen. Biomass Pyrolysis can yield Pyrolysis oil, charcoal, and/or combustible gases. Simple Cycle: Usually referring to a standalone CTG. Simple cycle electrical generation has a NHR of greater that 11,000 Btu/kWh. Synthetic Gas: Sometimes referred to Synthetic Natural Gas (SNG), higher heating value than produced gas, approximately 300 Btu/cu ft. SNG can be produced from wood through the use of steam rather than oxygen. Thermal Oil (TO): A synthetic oil especially created for heat transfer applications. Some TO can be used up to 650°F. Tri‐generation: Sequential generation of thermal energy (steam or hot water), electrical energy and chilled water. The waste heat in the biomass fired ORC system using OMTS has enough energy to power an absorption chiller (similar to a propane refrigerator or AC unit). Thus, an ORC unit can be a tri‐generation unit as well. Wood Waste/Refuse: Bark, sawdust, brush, waste chips, dead or diseased wood, etc. In short, wood retrieved from the forest that is not used for lumber, OSB, paper, extractives, pellets, etc. 4PDF Image | Biomass Binary Power Co-generation
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