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International Journal of Ambient Energy, Volume 29, Number 1 January 2008 Energy and exergy analysis of an efficient organic Rankine cycle for low temperature power generation S. M. Sami* SYNOPSIS This paper presents and discusses the performance of an advanced Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) using a heated chemical instead of steam as found in the typical Rankine Cycle. Chemicals used are the new quaternary refrigerant mixtures that are environmentally-friendly and have efficient thermodynamic properties at low and medium waste heat temperatures compared to other organic and non-organic fluids. This mixture boils at extremely low temperatures and is capable of capturing waste heat at temperatures less than 150oF (65oC). The quaternary mixture is formulated from R-125/ R-123/R-124/R-134a and its composition can be varied to best recover heat at temperatures from less than 150oF (65oC) to 900oF (482oC). In this paper energy and exergy analysis have been presented for the behaviour of the quaternary refrigerant mixture in ORC and compared to other fluids. Results showed that at this temperature range waste heat is recovered and power is produced at efficiencies significantly higher than other fluids. The results also showed that increasing the flue gas temperature increased the thermal energy dissipated at the turbine and converted to kinetic energy. INTRODUCTION There is an urgent need for renewable energy sources. The renewable energy industry has experienced dramatic changes over the past few years. Deregulation of the electricity market failed to solve the industry’s problems. Also, unanticipated increases in localised electricity demands, and slower than expected growth in generating capacity, have resulted in an urgent need for alternative energy sources; particularly those that are environmentally sound. Consequently, the renewable energy industry is in a far different situation compared to the period prior to the electricity market deregulation. Instead of struggling to compete in a competitive deregulated electricity market, renewable energy operators suddenly faced requests to accelerate deployment of new renewable energy capacities and restore facilities that had been closed due to poor economics. Review of a renewable portfolio [1–5] may provide some assurance to long-term funding of renewable energy facilities and lead to a resurgence in new renewable energy facilities. However, a number of factors and issues will require development of these renewable energy facilities both in the short and long-term. In the short term, there will be increasing pressure to deploy renewable energy facilities to help add generating capacity, improve system reliability, and stabilise electricity prices. However, the strategic installation of these renewable energy facilities will be hindered by a lack of * Samuel M. Sami, Department of Mechanical Engineering, San Diego State University, 5500 Camponile Drive, San Diego, CA 92182. Professor on leave from University of Moncton, All correspondence be addressed to: ssami@rohan.sdsu.edu © Ambient Press Limited 2008 001PDF Image | Energy and exergy analysis of an efficient organic Rankine cycle for low temperature power generation
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