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Waste Heat Energy Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Recovery Cycle Analysis and Design

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Waste Heat Energy Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Recovery Cycle Analysis and Design ( waste-heat-energy-supercritical-carbon-dioxide-recovery-cycl )

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Avestia Publishing Advances in Renewable Energy Volume 1, Issue 1, Year 2014 Journal ISSN: pending DOI: TBD Waste Heat Energy Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Recovery Cycle Analysis and Design Kevin R. Anderson1, Trent Wells1, Daniel Forgette1, Ryan Okerson1, Matthew DeVost1, Steve Cunningham2, Martin Stuart2 1California State Polytechnic University at Pomona, Mechanical Engineering Dept. Solar Thermal Alternative Renewable Energy Lab, 3801 West Temple Ave, Pomona, CA, 91768, USA kranderson1@csupomona.edu 2Butte Industries, Inc. Burbank, CA, 91501, USA Abstract- The US Department of Energy has estimated that 280,000 MW of recyclable waste heat is expelled annually by U.S. industries. Further estimates suggest that harvesting it could result in a savings of $70 billion to $150 billion per year [1]. Thus, any efficiency increase will result in savings to energy producers. Supercritical Carbon Dioxide (SCO2) provides unique advantages over alternative waste heat recovery systems however; it also produces unique design challenges. We propose a novel energy recovery device based on a SCO2 regenerative Rankine cycle for small-scale (1kW to 5kW) heat recovery. This study presents a thermodynamic SCO2 cycle analysis for waste heat recovery from low temperature (200°C - 500°C) sources using small mass flow rates (20 – 60 grams/sec). This paper will present a prototype SCO2 cycle architecture including details of key system components. Preliminary modeling suggests that SCO2 systems are viable for low temperature waste heat recovery applications. Keywords: waste heat to power, supercritical carbon dioxide, regenerative Rankine cycle, renewable energy. © Copyright 2014 Authors - This is an Open Access article published under the Creative Commons Attribution License terms http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0). Unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium are permitted, provided the original work is properly cited.  effectiveness, % heat transfer coefficient, W/m^2-K, specific h enthalpy, kJ/kg H head, m k thermal conductivity, W/mK m SCO2 flow rate, kg/sec N pump revolution, rpm Ns specific speed, dimensionless P power, kW pi initial pressure, MPa po final pressure, MPa Pr Prandtl number, dimensionless Qin heat flux into the system, W/m2 Qout heat flux leaving the system, W/m2 Q Energy, kW Re Reynolds number, dimensionless SCO2 Supercritical Carbon Dioxide, kg s entropy, kJ/kgK si isentropic entropy, kJ/kgK t plate thickness, m Tcold cold temperature, °C Thot hot temperature, °C VF volumetric flow rate, m3 w Plate width, m, specific work, kJ/kg WR Work, kJ W Power, kW η cycle efficiency, % ηcarnot Carnot efficiency, % ξ power coefficient, dimensionless 1 Nomenclature b pump width, m D diameter, m Dh hydraulic diameter, m Ds characteristic diameter, m Date Received: 2013-11-11 Date Accepted: 2014-03-24 Date Published: 2014-04-09

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