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Bahram Saadatfar, Reza Fakhrai and Torsten Fransson, JMES Vol 2 Issue 1 2014 Fig. 10 (a) Solar transcritical CO2 power system. (b) T-s chart for CO2 transcritical power cycle [100] Vélez et al. [101] considered a CO2 transcritical power cycle and presented an increase up to 25% for the exergy efficiency, and up to 300% for the energy efficiency with rising the turbine inlet temperature from 60 to 150 °C. Sarkar et al. [102] evaluated the different operating conditions and cycle performance on the supercritical CO2 recompression cycle. Bıyıkoğlu and Yalçınkaya [103] conducted a parameter study on a geothermal supercritical condition power cycle using CO2 under different reservoir conditions. Song et al. [100] examined a solar transcritical CO2 power cycle driven and disclosed that there is an optimum turbine inlet pressure where the system efficiency and the net power output both have maximum values. They [104] also made the dynamic simulation of a solar-driven CO2 transcritical power system by simulating both daily and yearly performances of the system. Some experiments have been done to examine the numerical simulation and heat transfer characteristics of supercritical CO2 in solar collectors. Cayer et al. [105] studied a thermodynamic analysis of a CO2 transcritical low-grade heat power cycle and assessed the effect of the pressure on the cycle performance. Also, Cayer et al. [106] examined the a parametric optimization using six performance indicators: thermal efficiency, specific net output, exergetic efficiency, total UA and heat exchangers’ surface as well as cost of the system. Baik et al. [107] compared the power production for R125 and CO2 transcritical cycles for a low grade heat source. Lakew et al. [108] introduced a new approach to improve the performance of carbon dioxide Rankine cycle by using thermal driven pump. Chacartegui et al. [109] proposed supercritical and transcritical CO2 cycles for solar energy applications and used a stand-alone closed cycle and a topping CO2 gas turbine and a bottoming ORC. Although the CO2 transcritical cycle has been promising potential, the design, construction, and implementation of an inexpensive and reliable turbine will ultimately limit its practical value. 2.5 Trilateral cycle The trilateral cycle (TLC) proposed by Smith et al. [110] is another offered cycle to improve temperature matching (Fig. 11 (b)) operating at reasonable pressures, faces similar challenges to that of the transcritical cycle. Their examined the R134a as the working fluid and a screw expander. The saturated liquid is flashed into two phase, then, the resulted vapor–liquid mixture send to condenser and after that the liquid is pumped to high pressures and heated up 12PDF Image | Thermodynamic Vapor Cycles for Converting Low- to Medium-grade Heat to Power: A State-of-the- art Review and Future Research Pathways
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