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the 1980s. Plug power from point-of-use sited solar photovoltaic systems has been in use for many years. The primary challenges facing greater use of the solar energy technologies in building applications generally fall into one or both of the following categories. First, they need to better compete economically with conventional building energy technologies. Second, building community stakeholders (e.g., builders, buyers, operators, financiers, code officials) need to be better informed about those solar technologies that presently compete in today’s marketplace. The economics of the building-integrated solar technologies begin by roughly mirroring those of the same technologies used in non-integrated applications, but can significantly improve from those levels by taking advantage of whole-building opportunities. The first of these opportunities is due to the solar technologies being able to perform more widely than as energy producers. For example, transparent PV panels can also serve as glazing, thereby permitting some of the PV cost to be offset by avoiding the purchase of the windows that they replace. A similar situation exists for roofing. Available in markets today are combination PV modules/roofing shingles. Also, large commercial and institutional buildings today are being fitted with roof systems that insulate, prevent moisture intrusion, and provide simplified means of installation, as well as produce solar electricity. One solar-thermal heating technology that doubles as a building’s external cladding has been performing well for many years. A second opportunity follows when tradeoffs between energy conservation and energy production are considered. Frequently, modest expenditures made in reducing building energy usage can lead to much larger savings in energy production costs. Therefore, it often costs less to save a kilowatt-hour than it does to generate one. Better outreach at keeping the building stakeholder community informed about the relative benefits of building integrated solar technologies should also accelerate the diffusion of these technologies into the marketplace. The fact that life-cycle costs of solar technologies relative to conventional ones are lower can appeal to owner-operators of buildings who procure these buildings and operate them over long periods. Examples of these owner-operators are housing authorities, military housing entities, and those that are responsible for institutional (e.g., health, corrections, government administration) buildings. The Solar Program has long recognized the large potential impact that solar energy can have in this sector. Its recent PV:BONUS competitive solicitations and subsequent awards have produced building-specific solar technologies into the marketplace. In addition, the Solar Program’s Building-Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV) activity has been a formal element of the PV Subprogram for the past several years. Technology Approaches and Tasks 4.4.2.2.1 AC Building Block Status: A proposed new concept, an "AC Photovoltaic Building Block," can revolutionize the PV industry. The building block modules are fully integrated with mounting hardware as approved electrical conduit, inverter, interconnect busses, surge protection, and safety devices to become a plug-and-play system. Goals for the proposed new project are to reduce balance-of-systems (BOS) costs by 50% and improve reliability and ease of installation. This project opens vast opportunities to enhance cooperative national laboratory/industry work through a broad range of technology transfer. The revolutionary advances for the photovoltaic industry allow U.S. technology to lead once again by providing power conversion methodologies and system designs that are extremely rugged and reliable. Solar Energy Technologies Program Multi-Year Technical Plan 128PDF Image | Solar Energy Technologies Program
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