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Technology and Component Goals and Objectives Goal: The goal of this research effort is to create new solar cell options that can meet long-term goals for producing solar electricity at low cost Objectives: The 2003 baseline for dye solar cell technology is: • An NREL-verified solar cell efficiency approaching 11% • Module efficiencies claimed to be 5%-7% • Reliability in the laboratory appears excellent • Cost is unknown, although the primary component, titanium dioxide, is low cost. The 2007 objectives for dye solar cell technology are: • Demonstrate dye solar cell efficiency of 12% • Identify reliability limits for dye cell modules either in outdoor tests or through qualifications standards, suitably modified for the dye cell modules. The 2025 objective is: • Assuming this technology survives go/no go decision points, achieve a levelized energy cost (LEC) of $0.06/kWh. Key Technical Challenges The success of dye-sensitized solar cells relies on: • Developing a solid alternative to the liquid electrolyte in this cell or developing a liquid electrolyte that can withstand high temperatures • Demonstrating adequately high efficiencies for modules in production • Developing a low-temperature procedure for annealing oxide films on plastic substrates • Developing a thermal plastic sealant for the dye cell with a liquid electrolyte that can withstand temperatures above 100°C • Demonstrating adequate reliability for dye solar modules • Reducing the cost of the organic dye • Identifying options for making higher-efficiency dye solar cells. Technical Targets System Element Unit Dye-Cell Efficiency % Small-Molecule Efficiency % System LEC $/kWh Technical Barriers° 2003 (baseline) 2% 4% 2007 2025 5% TBD 7% TBD $0.06 Dye-Sensitized Solar Cells C. New knowledge is needed to identify pathway options for higher efficiency cells D. New knowledge is needed to determine and meet reliability requirements in an outdoor environment. Solar Energy Technologies Program Multi-Year Technical Plan 123PDF Image | Solar Energy Technologies Program
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