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industries. Hence synthesis and use of nanoparticles had become a subject for intense research due to their unique properties. In the modern era of miniaturisation of machines, it is essential to have effective lubricants that reduce power consumption and carry’s away heat generated effectively. One of the major limitations of conventional heat transfer fluids is the poor thermal characteristics. This inherent inadequacy of these fluids makes the heat removal mechanism less effective even with the best utilization of their flow properties. Therefore, the thermal conductivities of fluids containing suspended solid metallic particles like nanofluids are significantly higher than those of conventional heat transfer fluids. Choi et al. [1] proposed the creation of nanofluids by dispersing nano scale materials in base fluid. As these materials possess high thermal conductivity, nano fluids hence formed possess high heat transfer capability. In 2001, Qiu et al.[2] performed an experiment on the friction mechanism, in which they added 10 nm spherical nanoparticles to oil. Their results obtained show that the friction property of the lubricant is improved by the distribution of nickel nanoparticles. The diameter of wear and tear reduced from 0.71 to 0.49 nm and the relative coefficient of friction by 26%. Lee et al.[3] in 2007 showed that the presence of fullerene nanoparticles in lubrication oil improved lubrication performance by reducing metal surface to surface contacts based on the results of friction tests under refrigerant condition. They also found that the volume fraction of fullerene nanoparticles in nano-oil was a key factor in controlling the friction coefficient and the magnitude of wear on the frictional surfaces. Y.Y. Wu et al.[4] proposed a mechanism in the process of lubrication with nanofluids. Spherically shaped nanoparticles opens possibility for effective rolling friction mechanism. Presence of nano particles serve as a third body, which decreases the contact between the two mating surface. The tribosinterization of nanoparticles on wear surface forms a protective film avoiding direct contact and reduce the effect of friction. Z.S. Hu et al. [5] in 2001 found that nanoparticles adsorbed on wear scar surface at first, which then forms an amorphous anti – wear film due to the shearing effect. An experimental study presented here is an evaluation of performance on a hermetically sealed compressor of a vapour compression refrigeration system working with both mineral oil and nanofluid as lubricant. A study is also conducted on the performance of modified lubricant in compressor on power consumption and on enhancement in heat transfer ability. Variations in viscosity of nanofluid compared to the basefluid at different temperatures are studied. 2.PREPARATION OF NANOFLUIDS Nanofluids are colloidal suspensions of nanoparticles in a base fluid. In general the size of these nanoparticles varies from 1-100nm. The type of nanoparticle used is a key factor on the enhancement of the required properties of the base fluid. The additive used in the mineral oil based lubricant was TiO2 nanoparticles. The nanofluid is not just a liquid-solid mixture of the mineral oil and TiO2. It must be stable and durable suspension with negligible agglomeration. This makes it possible to use in the compressor for a long run. The average size of the nanoparticles has a range of ~21 nm and was supplied by Sigma Aldrich Limited USA. The reason for the use of TiO2 nanoparticles as lubricant additives is due to following reasons such as lower inter facial friction coefficients, high dispersion properties, enhancement in extreme pressure properties of lubricant, enhancement of thermal conductivity etc. The nanoparticles used possess 99.5% trace metal basis purity. Following are the steps involved in the preparation of nanofluid used here: First step involves the weighing of the nanoparticles, nano particles are precisely weighed by a high Copyright to IJIRSET www.ijirset.com 833PDF Image | PERFORMANCE ANALYSIS OF NANOFLUID
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