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Performance analysis and working fluid selection for geothermal energy-powered organic Rankine-vapor compression air conditioning

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Performance analysis and working fluid selection for geothermal energy-powered organic Rankine-vapor compression air conditioning ( performance-analysis-and-working-fluid-selection-geothermal- )

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Bu et al. Geothermal Energy 2013, 1:2 www.geothermal-energy-journal.com/content/1/1/2 RESEARCH Open Access Performance analysis and working fluid selection for geothermal energy-powered organic Rankine-vapor compression air conditioning Xianbiao Bu1*, Lingbao Wang1 and Huashan Li1,2 * Correspondence: buxb@ms.giec.ac.cn 1Key Laboratory of Renewable Energy and Gas Hydrate, Guangzhou Institute of Energy Conversion, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No.2, Nengyuan Rd, Wushan, Tianhe District, Guangzhou 510640, China Full list of author information is available at the end of the article Abstract Background: To utilize geothermal energy from hot springs, an organic Rankine cycle/vapor compression cycle (ORC/VCC) system was employed for air conditioning and a thermodynamic model was developed. Methods: Six working fluids, R123, R134a, R245fa, R600a, R600 and R290, were selected and compared in order to identify suitable working fluids which may yield high system efficiencies. Results: The calculated results show that because of high system pressure for R290 and R134a, R600a is the more suitable working fluid for ORC in terms of expander size parameter, system efficiency and system pressure. In addition, R600a is also the most appropriate working fluid for VCC in terms of pressure ratio and coefficient of performance. R600 and R600a are more suitable working fluids for ORC/VCC in terms of overall coefficient of performance, refrigerating capacity per unit mass flow rate and chilled water yield from per ton hot water. Conclusions: In sum, R600a is the most suitable working fluid for ORC/VCC through comprehensive comparison of ORC efficiency, expander size parameter, pressure ratio, coefficient of performance, system pressure and chilled water yield from per ton hot water for six different working fluids. However, the flammability of R600a should attract enough attention. Keywords: Working fluid selection; Waste heat; Air conditioning; Hot spring; Organic Rankine-vapor compression; Expander Background There are a lot of hot springs in the world, many of which exceed 70°C (Lund et al. 2005, 2011), while the proper bath temperature at the hot spring hotel is generally in the range of 30°C to 50°C, which causes the heat energy to be rejected to the atmosphere if the water temperature of the hot spring is higher than the bath temperature, resulting in greater waste of energy and the existence of thermal pollution in the surrounding environment. At the same time, most of the hot spring hotels need air conditioning. So, making use of these waste heats from hot springs released to the environment for air conditioning is of great significance. At present, some effort has been devoted to the utilization of the vast amount of waste energy for refrigeration or air conditioning. Heat-operated absorption/adsorption systems © 2013 Bu et al.; licensee Springer. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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