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Future Directions • Study and mitigate factors limiting the high-yield manufacturing of cost-effective PV devices. • DOE/GO activities: finalize current research and development on high-efficiency, low-cost crystal Si production processes and recompete current Center of Excellence award. • Manage MURA summer program to include REAP review meeting and summer internship program. Partner with similar programs at other minority universities in the REAP Conference. • Facilitate an overall integrated effort in the c-Si PV community to produce the next-generation c- Si technology and technologists through university, industry, and NREL partnerships and collaborations. 1. Introduction A guiding principle for the U.S. Department of Energy’s Solar Energy Technologies Program has always been to support high-risk, potential high- payoff PV technologies requiring innovative long- term R&D. The provisions of the DOE Solar Program Multi-Year Technical Plan (MYTP) (Sect. 4.1.1) specifically call for fundamental R&D involving our colleges and universities and, as a corollary, the development of the next generation of solar technologists. This exploratory R&D project covers a wide spectrum of fundamental PV research, ranging from synchrotron studies of atomic-level c-Si defects at UC Berkeley to c-Si manufacturing research at Georgia Tech, from fundamental research on tandem organic solar cells at Princeton to PV power distribution and management at Howard University, with student education at the core of every project along the continuum. The rationale for this Exploratory Research Project is simple: providing options for solar electric technologies. Research that is “plausibly possible” is led by groups whose initial proposal withstood the rigors of a peer review process. This project is a portal into the R&D of very new and different technologies that are "beyond the horizons" of our current technologies. It would be imprudent to maintain that the menu of PV possibilities has already been established, and it is now just a matter of fine-tuning existing recipes. In fact, one would better bet on just the opposite—that the most important discoveries are likely beyond the horizon of today's technologies. The other part of project's initial charter is to conduct fundamental research on problems existing within current material systems that are yet to be solved. There are three general categories within the PV Exploratory Research Project: 1) the exploratory research conducted by NREL’s in-house Basic Sciences Center (BSC), funded by DOE's Basic Energy Science (BES) division, and the subcontracted Future Generation research; 2) a strong crystalline silicon effort; and 3) an effective minority universities-based research and PV education project. Beyond the fundamental research into other material systems, there are essentially three independent DOE c-Si PV research efforts, namely, the NREL-managed University Crystalline Silicon Research Project, the DOE/GO-managed Center of Excellence for PV Research, and the newly expanding NREL in- house c-Si research group. Given the near-term release of a new university c-Si research RFP and the near-term DOE review of Georgia Tech's Center of Excellence contract, coupled with a constellation of other emerging pro-c-Si PV forces within the PV community, this is an optimal time to review the overall architecture of the program in light of new possibilities and new thinking (e.g., using the System-Driven Approach). A fresh look at the needs of the technology as a whole, the considerable resources inherent in our universities, industry, and DOE labs, and a reconsideration of every group's strategic position in the game will most likely make for a more effective orchestration of the resources and, therefore, a greater technological impact. Facilitating this process is an ambition for the project in FY 2005.PDF Image | FY 2004 ANNUAL REPORT DOE Solar
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