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Belize Energy Sector Diagnostic PUC 39 4.1 Belize and Sustainable Development It is established that the fastest growing economic sectors are the handicraft and furniture industries, agro processing and tourism. Over the past few years tourism has become one of the pillars of Belize ́s economy. That the country’s future is tied to tourism and in particular, eco-tourism and that the development process is underpinned by a commitment to sustainability must be a consideration for energy policymakers. Indeed, given the country’s reliance on being “green” one could extrapolate a mandate to energy policymakers to ensure a sustainable energy strategy. Also a consideration for policymakers is the issue of Climate Change and the obligations under the UNFCCC. As a signatory, Belize recognizes its common but differentiated responsibility to contribute to the international effort to meet the ultimate objective of the Convention: which succinctly put is the . . . “stabilization of greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level that would not upset the delicate balance in the climate system.” While this agreement obligates only the industrialized countries (those listed in Annex 1 of the Convention) to institute policies and practices that result in less emissions, Belize cannot afford to be indifferent. The conclusion of the GOB’s first communication to the UNFCCC is instructive. “The inventory results confirm that the extensive forest estate renders Belize a net ‘sink’ or absorber of atmospheric greenhouse gases”122. This however is a position that needs to be carefully managed. As an “absorber” Belize is ideally positioned to participate in the Clean Development Mechanism123 and to sell its credits to industrialized countries desperate to meet their emissions obligation. Without proper management, Belize could increase its vulnerability to the adverse effects of climate change and in the process reduce its advantage as a sink. The globalization of environmental services represents a unique opportunity for Belize to “leapfrog” the fossil fuel stage of energy development, currently a challenge to other developing countries. However, leapfrogging involves looking for solutions appropriate to Belize, which inter alia, are tailored to an environmental services oriented economy based on agro forestry, aquaculture and tourism/culture activities. Given its size and development status, Belize is not in a position to innovate. Thus in its energy development, it is relegated to the role of follower. Nevertheless, given the lack of natural oil and gas reserves and the incongruities associated with maintaining biomass as an indigenous source of energy, in contemplating the energy sources that will power Belize’s future, the most efficient high tech, environmentally friendly, and cost-effective technologies must be considered. This should place RETs high on the list. 122 First National Communications to the Conference of the Parties of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change, Government of Belize, UNDP Project BZE/98/G31/A/1/99, January 2000 123 The Clean Development Mechanism (CDM) is a part of the flexibility mechanism of the Kyoto Protocol, which allows industrialised countries to fulfill their commitments by investing in projects in developing countries that contribute to sustainable development in the developing country and contributes to the stabilization or reduction of GHG emissions in the atmosphere.PDF Image | Energy for Sustainable Development Toward a National Energy Strategy for Belize Energy Sector Diagnostic
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