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Electrostatic Thermal Energy Harvester Using Unsteady Temperature Change

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Electrostatic Thermal Energy Harvester Using Unsteady Temperature Change ( electrostatic-thermal-energy-harvester-using-unsteady-temper )

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PowerMEMS 2013 IOP Publishing Journal of Physics: Conference Series 476 (2013) 012079 doi:10.1088/1742-6596/476/1/012079 2. PRINCIPLE AND OPTIMIZATION Figure 1 shows configuration of the present device with a capacitor (capacitance: C) using high- permittivity material and metalized electret (capacitance: Ce, surface charge density: σe) serving as a permanent voltage source. They are connecting in series with an external load R. The temperature change of the capacitor leads to the permittivity change, and the amount of induced charges on the electrode is changed. Thus, the external current I is produced when temperature of the dielectric is changed. A circuit model of the generator is developed based on the Kirchhoff’s law, the Gauss’s law, and the conservation law of charges: (1) (2) (3) where d1, S1, E1, σ1, and ε1 are the thickness, the area, the electrical field, the induced charge, and the permittivity of the electret, while d2, S2, E2, σ2, and ε2(t) are those of the dielectric. Eqs. (1-3) can be integrated into a first-order differential equation, i.e., (4) Eq. (4) can be non-dimensionalized with and we get (5) For simplicity, capacitance of the dielectric is assumed to change linearly in time, i.e., Figure 1. Circuit model of thermal electret generator. Figure 2. Nondimensionalized output power J* versus capacitance ratio Co*. 2

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