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Confronting the Energy Security Dilemma of the Caribbean Stefan Dennis Dominic Affonso* Introduction Energy security, alternative sources of energy and renewable energy sources have been of major importance to the Caribbean since the 1970s. Renewable energy is replenished through natural processes such as tides, geothermal vents, wind, solar power and rain. In a similar vein, alternative energy sources replace conventional sources of energy, such as petroleum, natural gas and nuclear power, so as to avoid their undesired side effects. Both renewable and alternative energy sources seek to provide sustainable energy to consumers, be they residential, commercial or indus- trial, while reducing or, where possible, eliminating carbon emissions and ensuring energy security. The renewable resources listed above are all found throughout the islands of the Caribbean. In 1979, the Caribbean Alternative Energy Programme produced a re- port finding that, the Caribbean region as a whole has been particularly hard hit by the dramatic rise in the price of petroleum in the past several years. Many of the countries are de- pendent for well over 90 percent of their energy needs on imported oil. This has had particularly damaging influence on the balance of payments, on employment, and on development plans of the affected territories, and these have been seeking measures which might mitigate to some extent the economic hardship (Organization of Ameri- can States 1979:1) This sufficiently sets the framework for understanding the Caribbean countries’ vul- nerable situation, especially given their lack of control over maintaining and secur- ing energy resources. * Stefan D D Affonso is a recent Master of Science graduate in International Relations. His research interests are the foreign relations of Latin America and the Caribbean, particularly related to China.PDF Image | Confronting the Energy Security Dilemma of the Caribbean
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