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Comparison of Alternate Cooling Technologies for California Power Plants Economic, Environmental and Other Tradeoffs

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Comparison of Alternate Cooling Technologies for California Power Plants Economic, Environmental and Other Tradeoffs ( comparison-alternate-cooling-technologies-california-power-p )

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(isokinetic sampling and sensitive paper sampling) are compared. A distinction is made between mechanically generated drift and droplets condensed in the tower exhaust stream. 14 references. Mitchell, R. D. Survey of Water-Conserving Heat Rejection Systems. 89. Palo Alto, CA, Electric Power Research Institute. Notes: Summary of all economic comparison studies of wet, dry and wet/dry systems available at the time of the report. A clear comparison of the important assumptions made in each study and the effect that the choice of assumptions has on the cost comparisons is provided. Very concise descriptions of the appropriate methodology for determining all the important cost elements and in obtaining optimized systems for purposes of comparison are given. This is the most comprehensive treatment of the comparison methodology that has appeared in the open literature to date. 63 references. Miura, T. and O. Gotoh. The New Wet/Dry Cooling Tower without Finned Tube Dry Section (NWD). (1998). Notes: Presents a new design concept (called “NWD” for “novel wet/dry tower) for plume abatement with no separate finned tube dry section. The approach uses a combined wet/dry fill with a section to which the water flow can be interrupted. The wet/dry passages consist of 15 to 25% of the total fill area. Performance test results on a single mechanical draft, cross-flow cell are reported. Satisfactory plume abatement was documented, but no information on cost or on relative cooling capability when operated in the plume abatement mode is available. No references Wet/dry cooling tower eliminates plume at Teesside. Modern Power Systems , 57-60. 95. Notes: Presents a description of the retrofit of a fan-assisted hyperbolic cooling tower in the U.K. with a parallel path wet/dry tower for plume abatement. The plant is a combined-cycle 1725 MWe plant operated in conjunction with a chemical complex to which it supplies steam. A full description of the supplementary cooling tower is given including some overall cost estimates. The unit was not yet in operation at the time of the paper so no performance or O&M information is available. No references. Monjoie, M.a.J.-P.L. Testing Procedures for Wet/Dry Plume Abatement Cooling Towers. CTI Journal (1994). Notes: Procedures for testing of wet/dry plume abatement towers are presented. Full discussion of the measurements to be made, the equipment to be used, calibration techniques are given. The thermodynamics and fluid flow of plume abatement are reviewed, and the calculations required to verify performance are laid out in detail. Criteria for fulfilling the plume performance guarantee are clearly stated: thermal guarantee is fulfilled; the average maximum humidity is lower than expected; no local air state exceeds the maximum humidity guarantee value by more than 7%. No references. Mukherjee, R. Effectively Design Air-Cooled Heat Exchangers. Chemical Engineering Progress 26-46 (1997). Notes: Detailed discussion of design methods for air-cooled heat exchangers. Applications are for the chemical process industry but much of the material applies equally well. No Annotated Bibliography of Cooling System Literature A-15

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