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Solar Two demonstrated molten salt as a viable, large-scale thermal energy storage medium. Energy storage efficiencies of 99% were achieved. The storage design point efficiency is projected to be 99.9% for all cases. The efficiency of Solar Two was demonstrated to be 99.9%, and since there is no significant technology changes, it can be expected to remain constant. The design, construction, and performance of large, field- erected, externally insulated tanks for storing molten salt were demonstrated during Solar Two. There are several ongoing studies for improvement of the design and construction: • Alternative valve designs for hot salt service. • Alternative salt downcomer designs. • Materials testing on stainless steels 347 and 321, which have demonstrated their resistance to IGC in salt service. The scaling factor from Solar Two to Solar 220 power block for the SunLab cost estimate is 0.78. Table 5-14 — Economy of Scale for Thermal Storage 5-22 SL-5641 Final 5.3.4.1 Technology Improvements Steam Generator Direct Cost Cost Reduction Due to Scaling based on Scaling Factor of 0.78 Cost Reduction Due to Scaling, $M Cost Due to Technology Improvements, $M Cost Due to Technology Improvement, % Solar Solar Two Tres $3.70 $5.90 — — $3.75 — — $13.85 — — $4.85 Solar 50 Solar 100 $29.30 $5.81 $29.39 ($0.09) Solar 200 $56.30 $9.69 $48.94 $7.36 Solar 220 $57.30 $9.40 $56.30 $1.00 $18.70 — — 26.0% -0.3% 13.1% 1.7% These values are reasonable based on the following: • The main components are the hot storage tank, cold storage tank, and piping. • The SunLab estimate is conservative, since the typical industry standard for economy of scale is 0.7. Since the thermal storage system is comprised of single components, production volume is not a consideration for cost improvement.PDF Image | Assessment of Parabolic Trough and Power Tower Solar Technology Cost and Performance Forecasts
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