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process flow drawing in the HYSYS DynamicsTM simulator is shown in figure 3. Fig. 3. HYSYS Process Flow Diagram for CHP systems 1) Simulation Data. The technical simulation data of the 4.35 MW CHP systems is shown in table II. Table II. Gas Turbine (Model SGT-100-1S) and waste heat steam boiler principal data at ambient temperature 5oC. fuel consumption, gas turbine power output, exhaust gas temperature from gas turbine and steam production were also monitored. 1.26 m 369 258 147 1.26 m Tapping Point Gas Turbine Heat Input Heat Rate Generator Output Speed of Gas Turbine Pressure Ratio Turbine Inlet Temperature Turbine Outlet Temperature Air Flow Compressor Exit Pressure Steam Boiler Steam Production Pressure Exhaust Gas Analysis Oxygen Nitrogen Water Vapour Carbon Dioxide Argon kW 15,213 kJ/kW.h 11,810 kW 4,637 Rpm 16,500 13.0 oC 1,054 oC 522.6 kg/s 18.38 bar(a) 13.29 kg/hr 8,165 bar(g) 16 wt% 16.17 wt% 74.24 wt% 3.67 wt% 4.64 wt% 1.25 Fig. 4(a). Measurement grid according to BS EN 15259:2007 Standard Fig. 4(b). Measurement points and proposed location for waste heat recovery systems. 2) Point Velocity Equation. The general relationship between the velocity of the exhaust gas and the pressure caused by the exhaust gas moving over the Pitot tube (total pressure minus static pressure) is given by equation 2 [9]. 2) Stoichiometric combustion. Stoichiometric air has to be supplied to ensure complete combustion of the fuel in the gas turbine [10]. Methane is specified as the fuel in the CHP system. Equation 1 shows the chemical reaction in the combustion chamber of the CHP system + 2 + 3.76 → + 2 + 7.52 (1) B. Experiment Measurements A physical experiment determined the volumetric velocity and temperature of the exhaust gas. The instrumentation used was an S-type Pitot tube with a K-type thermocouple. 1) Experiment Rig. The measurements were performed using a 9-point traverse grid, in accordance with BS EN 15259:2007 standard. Figure 4(a) shows the dimension and measurement points across the duct. Figure 4(b) shows the CHP systems arrangements and the location of measurements. The measurements were undertaken on the roof top of the boiler house at the proposed location for waste heat recovery systems using ORC technology. The process parameters from the CHP system such as = 4.72136h/ (2) where V exhaust gas velocity (m/s) Kpitot Pitot tube constant Γpitot gas compression constant hkPa [total pressure – static pressure] (kPa) d exhaust gas density (kg/m3) Equation 2 can be simplified by substituting the Pitot tube constant (Kpitot= 0.84) and if the velocity of the exhaust gas over the Pitot tube is limited to subsonic velocities, the gas compression constant (Γpitot) is equal to 1. If these parameters are followed, the point velocity equation can be simplified by equation 3. = 3.966h / (3) The density of the exhaust gas can be calculated using equation 4. = 3.4834/ (4) wherePDF Image | Assessment and modelling of the waste heat availability from gas turbine based CHP systems for ORC systems
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